PHYCOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY OF RIVER NILE DELTA - EGYPT | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Phycology | ||||
| Article 2, Volume 5, Issue 1, 2004, Page 19-34 PDF (666.33 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/egyjs.2004.113980 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
| Sami A. S. Dessouki1; Mohamed A. Deyab* 2; Jelan Mofeed1 | ||||
| 1Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt. | ||||
| 2Botany Department, Faculty of Science at Damietta, Mansoura University, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| The number, biomass and diversity of phytoplankton as well as physico- chemical characteristics of surface water at the three sites (El- Rahawi, El - Serw and El -Ziaat) representing Delta region of the river Nile were studied in response to discharged liquid wastes from April, 1998 to April, 1999. A total of 214 algal taxa belonging to 99 different genera were identified. Chlorophyta (81 genera), Bacillariophyta (71 genera), Cyanophyta (28 genera) and Euglenophyta (24 genera) were the dominant group. The minimum phytoplankton growth was in drainage canal of El-Ziaat factory. Moreover, the lower values of diversity and saprobity indicated at drain water concomitant with the higher values of saprobic quotient (SQ) might reflect the pollution status of water. The physico-chemical assessment of water could point to indicate that the upstream and down-stream water is mesotrophic while, water of the mixed station is eutrophic and at drain station was varied between eutrophic to hypereutrophic conditions. Moreover, the low pH values at discharged waste of Soda factory at El-Ziaat and the undetectable dissolved oxygen at El -Rahawi drain were considerably retracted at the mixed and more at down-stream water. | ||||
| References | ||||
|
Abdel-Hamid, M.I.; Shaaban – Dessouki, S. A. and Skulberg Omm (1992). Water quality of the River Nile in Egypt I. Physical and chemical characteristics. Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl., 90 : 283 -310.
Adam, M.S. (1993). Effects of waste - water on phytoplankton in the River Nile at Manquabad, Assiut, Egypt. Bull. Fac. Sci. Assuit Univ., 22 (2-D): 83 -95.
American Public Health Association (APHA) (1989). Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, sewage and industrial wastes. 16th Ed. New York, P. 1193.
Aziz, Q.; Inam, A. S. and Siddiqi, R. H. (1996). Long term effects of irrigation with chemical industry wastewater. J. Environm. Sci. Health., A31 (10): 2595 - 2620.
Clifford, H. T. and Stephenson, W. (1975). An introduction to numerical classification. Academic Press, London: 229p.
Danilov, R. and Ekelund, N. G. A. (1999). influence of wastewater from the paper industry and Uv- bradiation on the photosynthetic efficiency of Euglena gracilis. J. Appl. Phycol., 11: 157-163.
Doudoroff, P. and Katz, M. (1953). Sewage Ind. Wastes. 25-802.
Elewa, A. A.; Masoud, M. S. and Abdel – Halim, A .M. (1995). Limnological study on the Nile water of Egypt. Bull. NRC, Egypt, 20 (4): 437 - 450.
El-Naggar, M.E.E.; Shaaban – Dessouki, S. A., Abdel-Hamid, M.I. and Aly, E.A. (1997). Effect of treated sewage on the water quality and phytoplankton populations of lake Manzala, (Egypt), with emphasis on biological assessment of water quality. Microbial., 20: 253-276.
Fairchild, G. W.; Sherman, J. W. and Aker, F.W. (1989). Effects of nutrient (N, P and C) enrichment, grazing and depth upon littoral periphyton a soft water lake. Hydrobiol., 173 :69 -83.
Gil, M.; Cortigio, M.; Barriouevo, A. D. and Arias, J. A. (1989). Rapid determination of the urban wastewater pollution. J. Environm. Sci. health, 24 (4) : 323 -330.
Golterman, H. L. (1999). Quantification of P-flux through shallow, agricultural and natural wastes as found in wetlands of the Camargue (S- France). Hydobiol., 392 : 29-39.
Grover, J. P.; Sterner, R. W. and Robinson, J. L. (1999). Algal growth in warm temperate reservoirs : Nutrient - dependent kinetics of individual taxa and seasonal patterns of dominance. Arch. Hydrobiol., 145 (1): 1-23.
Huszar, V. D. M. and Caraco, N. F. (1998). The relationship between phytoplankton compodition and physical - chemical variables: a comparison of taxonomic and morphological - functional descriptors in six temperate lakes. Fresh Wat. Biol., 40: 679-696.
Hickman, M. (1980). Phosphorus, Chlorophll and eutrophic lakes. Arch. Hydrobiol., 88:137-145.
Juttner, I.; Rothfriz, H. and Ormerdo, S. J. (1996). Diatoms as indicators of river quality in Nepalese Middle Hills with consideration of the effects of habitat - specific sampling. Fresh Wat. Biol., 36:475-486.
Knuuttila, S.; Pietilainen, O. P. and Kauppi, Z. (1994): Nutrient balances and phytoplankton dynamics in two agriculturally loaded shallow lakes. Hydrobiol., 275/276: 359 -369.
Kulka, E. J. and Richards, C. (1996). Relating diatom assemblage structure to stream habitat quality.J. North Amer.Benthiol. Soc., 15:469-480.
Kwandrans, J.; Eloranta, P.; Kawecka, B. and Wojtan, K. (1998). Use of benthic diatom communities to evaluate water quality in rivers of southern Poland. J. Appl. Phycol., 10: 193 - 201.
Leester, W. F. (1975). Polluted River : River Trent England. In: River Ecology. Whitton BA.(Ed.). Oxford, 725p.
Moss, B. (1973). The influence of environmental factors on the distribution of freshwater algae: An experimental study. II -The role of pH and carbon dioxide. J. Eol., 61: 157-177.
Mohammed, A. A.; Ahmed, A. M. and Ahmed, Z. A. (1986). Studies on phytoplankton of the Nile system in upper Egypt. Limnol. (Berlin), 17: 99-117.
Mukai, T. (1987). Effects of surrounding physical and chemical environment on the spatial heterogenity in phytoplankton communities of Hiroshima Bay, Japan. J. Coastal Res., 3 (3) : 269-279.
Mullineaux, C. W. (1999). The plankton and the planet. Science, 283: 801 -802.
Nie, N. H.; Hull, C. H.; Jenkins, J. G.; Steinbrenner, K. and Bent, D. H. (1975). SPSS statistical Package for the Social Sciences, 2nd ed. McGraw -Hill, New York.
Polishchuk, L. V. (1999). Contribution analysis of disturbance caused changes in phytoplankton diversity. Ecology, 80 (2): 721 -725.
Romo, S. and Miracle, R. (1994). Population dynamics and ecology of subdominant phytoplankton species in shallow hypertrophic lake, Albufera of Valencia (Spain). Hydrobiol., 273: 37-56.
Saad, M .A. H. and Abbas, M. A. (1985). Limnological investigation on the Rosetta branch of the Nile. II. Seasonal variation of nutrients. Fresh Wat. Biol., 15: 655 - 660.
Seiki, T.; Date, E. and Izawa, H. (1991). Eutropication in Hiroshima Bay. Mar. Poll. Bull., 23:95-99.
Shaaban-Dessouki, S. A.; Soliman, A. I. and Deyab, M. A. (1993). Environmental characteristics and nutrients distribution in Damietta Estuary of the River Nile. J. Environm. Sci. Mansoura Univ., Egypt, 6: 159- 177.
Soria, J. M.; Miracle, M. R. and Vicente, E. (1987). A porte de nutrientes y eutrofizacion de la albufea de Valencia. Lmnetica, 3: 227 -242.
Steed, J. M. and Morin, P. J. (2000). Biodiversity, density compensation and the dynamics of populations and functional groups. Ecology, 81 (2): 361-373.
Tebbutt, T. H. Y. (1977). Principals of water quality control. 3rd ed. Pergamon Press. Robert Maxwell, M.C. Publisher, 201P.
Ter Braak, C. J. F. (1987). The Analysis of vegetation – environment relationships by Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA).
Tilman, D.; Kiesling, R.; Sterner, R.; Kilham, S. and Johnson, F. A. (1996). Green, blue green and diatom algae, Taxonomic differences in competitive ability for phosphorus, silica and nitrogen. Arch. Hydrobiol., 106 (4): 473-485.
Villegas, I. and Giner, G. D. (1973). Phytoplankton as a biological indicator of water quality. Wat. Res., 7: 479 - 487.
Vollenweider, R. A. (1971). Scientific fundamentals of eutrophication of lakes and flowering waters, with particular reference to nitrogen and phosphorus as factors in eutrophication - Technical Report DAS/CSI/18-27, OECD, Paris, 250p. | ||||
|
Statistics Article View: 182 PDF Download: 123 |
||||
