SCREENING FOR B-THALASSEMIA CARRIER AMONG STUDENTS IN ASECONDARY SCHOOL IN DIARB NEGM,SHARKIA | ||||
| Zagazig University Medical Journal | ||||
| Article 9, Volume 24, Issue 1, January 2018, Page 72-79 PDF (663.85 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/zumj.2018.13007 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| Mervat Abdallah Hesham; Mohammed Refaat Besher; Naglaa Ali Khalifa | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| ABSTRACT Background:Beta-Thalassemia represents a major public health problem in Egypt. The carrier rate varies between 5.5% to ≥ 9%; it is estimated that there are 1000/1.5 million per year live births born with β- thalassemia. In spite of optimal treatment being available, only a few patients can afford it. Unfortunately, most patients suffer from complications of blood transfusions, mainly transfusion transmitted viral infections and iron overload. Prevention by carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis is needed in populations with high incidence of the disease, such as Egypt. Methods:This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted on 614 secondary school students in Diarb Negm, Sharkia Governorate. All subjects were subjected to the following: Complete blood count,Serum ferritin level, Serum iron level, TIBC. Subjects with microcytic anemia were subjected to specific laboratory tests: HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) which include hemoglobin A2(HbA2). Results:Complete blood count testing of the 614 subjects in this study revealed that 55.2 % were normal and 44% were anemic, 5.6% had normocytic anemia and 39.2% had microcytic anemia.Subjects with microcytic anemia were further subdivided into two groups according to their HbA2 level into; β-Thalassemia carrier group with high level of HbA2 >3.5% and normal to high (serum iron, serum ferritin) and normal to low TIBC were 8.5% and Non-carrier group; All with normal levels of HbA2< 3.5%, low serum iron, low serum ferritin, high TIBC, were 31.6% of subjects and diagnosed as iron deficiency anemia.Carriers rate was 8.5%, 53.8% were males and 46.2% were females.There were increase in mean value of RBCS count, serum iron and serum ferritin in carriers as compared to non-carriers, and decrease in mean value of HB, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC find TIBC level in carriers as compared to non-carriers. There was a significant positive correlation between HbA2 and HCT, RBCS count and serum ferritin, while significant negative correlation between HbA2and MCV. Conclusion: Carrier rate among 614 secondary school students in Diarb Negm,Sharkia Governorate was 8.5%.Hemoglobin A2 is the gold standard for B-Thalassemia carrier screening. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Beta-Thalassemia; microcytic hypochromic anemia; Screening; B-Thalassemia Carrier | ||||
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