Mark Anthony J. Torres1, Liza A. Adamat1, Muhmin Michael E. Manting1, Sharon Rose M. Tabugo1, Ravindra C. Joshi2, Leocadio Sebastian2,Alberto T. Barrion2 and Cesar G. Demayo1*
Torres, M., Adamat, L., Manting, M., Tabugo, S., Joshi, R., Sebastian, L., Barrion, A., Demayo, C. (2010). Mark Anthony J. Torres1, Liza A. Adamat1, Muhmin Michael E. Manting1, Sharon Rose M. Tabugo1, Ravindra C. Joshi2, Leocadio Sebastian2,Alberto T. Barrion2 and Cesar G. Demayo1*. EKB Journal Management System, 3(1), 105-112. doi: 10.21608/eajbsa.2010.15248
Mark Anthony J. Torres; Liza A. Adamat; Muhmin Michael E. Manting; Sharon Rose M. Tabugo; Ravindra C. Joshi; Leocadio Sebastian; Alberto T. Barrion; Cesar G. Demayo. "Mark Anthony J. Torres1, Liza A. Adamat1, Muhmin Michael E. Manting1, Sharon Rose M. Tabugo1, Ravindra C. Joshi2, Leocadio Sebastian2,Alberto T. Barrion2 and Cesar G. Demayo1*". EKB Journal Management System, 3, 1, 2010, 105-112. doi: 10.21608/eajbsa.2010.15248
Torres, M., Adamat, L., Manting, M., Tabugo, S., Joshi, R., Sebastian, L., Barrion, A., Demayo, C. (2010). 'Mark Anthony J. Torres1, Liza A. Adamat1, Muhmin Michael E. Manting1, Sharon Rose M. Tabugo1, Ravindra C. Joshi2, Leocadio Sebastian2,Alberto T. Barrion2 and Cesar G. Demayo1*', EKB Journal Management System, 3(1), pp. 105-112. doi: 10.21608/eajbsa.2010.15248
Torres, M., Adamat, L., Manting, M., Tabugo, S., Joshi, R., Sebastian, L., Barrion, A., Demayo, C. Mark Anthony J. Torres1, Liza A. Adamat1, Muhmin Michael E. Manting1, Sharon Rose M. Tabugo1, Ravindra C. Joshi2, Leocadio Sebastian2,Alberto T. Barrion2 and Cesar G. Demayo1*. EKB Journal Management System, 2010; 3(1): 105-112. doi: 10.21608/eajbsa.2010.15248

Mark Anthony J. Torres1, Liza A. Adamat1, Muhmin Michael E. Manting1, Sharon Rose M. Tabugo1, Ravindra C. Joshi2, Leocadio Sebastian2,Alberto T. Barrion2 and Cesar G. Demayo1*

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
Article 11, Volume 3, Issue 1, June 2010, Page 105-112  XML PDF (673.12 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/eajbsa.2010.15248
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Authors
Mark Anthony J. Torres1; Liza A. Adamat1; Muhmin Michael E. Manting1; Sharon Rose M. Tabugo1; Ravindra C. Joshi2; Leocadio Sebastian2; Alberto T. Barrion2; Cesar G. Demayo1
1Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
2Philippine Rice Research Institute (PHILRICE), Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the possible number of developmental modules defining the shape of the forewing of the rice black bug Scotinopharacoarctata. The new method of geometric morphometrics (GM) was used and the shapes of the forewings were summarized via Procrustes analysis of a total of 120 landmarks. In this study, Modularity and Integration Analysis was used as a tool to test a priori models of variational modularity in multidimensional (mainly morphometric) data in order to analyze the number of developmental modules of the forewings of the insect. Twelve a priori models of variational modularity in the GM forewing data were tested using the γ* (Gamma*) test for goodness of fit (GoF) statistic by comparing the observed and expected covariance matrices. Jackknife support values for each model were also computed using γ* as the GoF statistic. The analysis was implemented based on a total of 1000  replicates,  dropping  10%  of  the specimens  per  jackknife  replicate,  and  computing  95% confidence  intervals  for the  statistic. Results showed that the female RBB forewing is spatially organized into two modules, the partition of clavus and membrane and the corium as an independent structure whereas the male populations exhibit two possible developmental models. These modules are mutually integrated but statistically independent from each other.
Keywords
RBB; forewing; modularity; Integration; Geometric morphometrics
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