Biomorphic Characters of Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Maize in Pakistan | ||
| Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology | ||
| Article 2, Volume 14, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 13-18 PDF (398.26 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/eajbsa.2021.165946 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Tanveer Ahmad1; Hafiz Afrasiab Ali2; Abdul Ghaffar2; Kashif Jehan1; Muhammad Usama Mustafa3; Rashid Ali4; Ahmad Faraz4; Muhammad Ramzan5 | ||
| 1Department of Agriculture (Entomology), University of Swabi | ||
| 2Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad | ||
| 3Institute of Soil and Environmental Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad | ||
| 4Department of Entomology, University of Haripur | ||
| 5Department of Entomology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda belongs to order Lepidoptera and family Noctuidae, is becoming a serious threat in maize growing areas of the world. Firstly, it was reported from African countries and caused significant economic crop losses. Recently the pest has been reported from various areas of Pakistan and knowledge of biomorphic characters was important. By keeping in view, the current study was conducted. The study resulted that complete metamorphosis was observed. The eggs were white to yellow in colour and dome in shape with 2-3 days of the incubation period. The egg width and thickness were recorded as 0.22 and 0.19 mm, respectively. Six larval instars were recorded. The pinacula of each seta was well recorded on all larval instar but more conspicuous in the last instar (6th) as compared to others. Inverted Y line was present on larvae head that mostly differentiates this species from other reported Spodoptera species. First, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth larval head capsule width was 0.18±0.02, 0.29±0.00, 0.50±0.01, 0.76±0.47, 1.10±0.13 and 1.98±0.12 mm, respectively. The length and width of the 6th instar larva were 26.98±2.93 and 3.90±0.00 mm, respectively. The total larval period was 15-20 days on maize leaves. Obtect pupa was whitish green. Male was short-lived than female. The pre oviposition, oviposition and post oviposition periods were 2-5, 2-4 and 4-6 days, respectively. The study will be proved fruitful for coming researchers and farmers to control this pest. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Maize; Fall armyworm; Biology; Morphology; Life traits; Developmental parameters | ||
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