Detection of Aflatoxigenic Fungi in Poultry Feed | ||||
| Journal of Applied Veterinary Sciences | ||||
| Article 10, Volume 6, Issue 2, April 2021, Page 92-97 PDF (411.58 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/javs.2021.68213.1074 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Walid H. Hassan1; Salem R. Mostafa2; Hossam A. Khalil  2; Ahmed H. Abed3
| ||||
| 1Prof. of Immunology, bacteriology and mycology, Fac. Vet. Med., Beni-Suef University, Egypt. | ||||
| 2Microbiology Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Beni-Suef, Egypt. | ||||
| 3Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Mycotoxins are poisonous biomolecules produced as secondary metabolites by some fungal species, as they grow on various substrates under suitable growth conditions. Approximately, 83% of these deaths occur in East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. It has been estimated that more than five billion people in developing countries are at risk of chronic exposure to aflatoxins, through contaminated foods/feeds Several studies of revealed that A. flavus and A. parasiticus are of significant concern in poultry contamination, being the most common producers of aflatoxins. In the current study, a total of 120 samples of poultry feeds were collected from different localities of Beni-Suef Governorate. The samples were examined for the existence of Aspergillus species. Moreover, the capacity to produce aflatoxins by the Aspergillus flavus was determined. The results revealed that the most predominant Aspergillus isolates was A. flavus (n= 75; 62.5%) followed by A. niger (n= 31; 25.9%) and A. fumigatus (n= 19; 15.8%). Out of 75 A. flavus isolates, 43 strains (57.3%) produced aflatoxins. These results concluded the potential exists for the production of mycotoxins by the Aspergillus flavus. The present study was designed to investigate the existence of Aspergillus species in poultry feed as well as determining the capacity of Aspergillus flavus isolates to produce aflatoxins. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Aflatoxin; A. flavus; poultry | ||||
| References | ||||
|
AOAC, 1990. Official methods of analysis (15th ed.) Artington, VA, Association of official analytical chemists).
ALIYU, R. M., ABUBAKAR, M. B., YAKUBU, Y., KASARAWA, A. B., LAWAL, N., BELLO, M. B., & FARDAMI, A. Y., 2016. Prevalence of potential toxigenic Aspergillus species isolated from poultry feeds in Sokoto metropolis. Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 14(1), 39-44.
NKUKWANA, T. T., 2018. Global poultry production: Current impact and future outlook on the South African poultry industry. South African Journal of Animal Science, 48(5), 869-884.
GHAEMMAGHAMI, S. S., MODIRSANEII, M., KHOSRAVI, A. R., AND RAZZAGHI-ABYANEH, M., 2016. Study on mycoflora of poultry feed ingredients and finished feed in Iran. Iranian journal of microbiology, 8(1), 47.
COLLEE, J. G.; MARMIOM, B. P.; FRASER, A. G. AND ANTHONY, S., 1989. Practical Microbiology, 12th ED.
DALCERO, A.; MAGNOLI, C.; LUNA, M.; ANCASI, G.; REYNOSO, M. M.; CHIACCHIERA, S.; MIAZZO, R. AND PALACIO, G.,1998. Mycoflora and naturally occurring mycotoxins in poultry feeds in Argentina. Mycopathologia, 141(1): 37-43.
GHADEER, A.O. AND AL-DELAMIY, K.S., 2012. Aflatoxin B1 production by Aspergillus flavus in different media and containers and the antifungal activity of garlic and black cumin. Research Journal ofEngineering and AppliedScience, 1(2): 117-121.
HABIB, M.A.; ABDU, P.; KWANASHIE, C.N.; KABIR, J. AND NEGEDU, A., 2015. Isolation and identification of Aspergillus species from poultry feeds in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Microbiology Research International, 3(2): 27-32.
HANSEN T.J., 1990. Affinity column cleanup and direct fluorescence measurement of Aflatoxin. Journal of food protection, 53 (1) : 75-77.
HARUNA, M.; DANGORA, D.B.; KHAN, A.U.; BATAGARAWA, U.S.B. AND IBRAHIM, H., 2017. Incidence of Fungal Flora and Aflatoxin in Some Spices Sold in Central Market, Funtua, Nigeria. MYU Journal of Microbiology Research. 2(1): 47-53.
HUSSAIN, I, ANWAR,J,, 2008. Food Control, A study on contamination of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk in the Punjab province of Pakistan, 19: 393-395.
LEREAU, M.; GOUAS, D.; VILLAR, S.; BESARATINIA, A.; HAUTEFEUILLE, A.; BERTHILLON, P.; MARTEL- PLANCHE, G.; NOGUEIRA DA COSTA, A.; ORTIZ-CUARAN, S.; HANTZ, O.; PFEIFER, G.P.; HAINAUT, P. AND CHEMIN, I., 2012. Interactions between hepatitis B virus and aflatoxin B1: Effects on p53 induction in heparg cells. Journal of General Virology. 93: 640-650.
LI, R ET A.L., 2014. Food Control, Occurrence of four mycotoxins in Cetreal and oil products in the Yangtze Delta region of China and their food safety risks, 35: 117-122.
LIU, Y. AND WU, F., 2010. Global burden of aflatoxin induced hepatocellular carcinoma: A risk assessment. Environmental Health Perspectives, 118: 818-824.
MACIOROWSKI, K.G.; HERRERA, P.; JONES, F.T.; PILLAI, S.D. AND RICKE, S.C., 2007. Effects on poultry and livestock of feed contamination with bacteria and fungi. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 133(1- 2): 109-136.
MAGNOLI, A.P.; MONGE, M.P.; MIAZZO, R.D.; CAVAGLIERI, L.R.; MAGNOLI, C.E.; MERKIS, C.I, ET A.L.,2011. Effect of low levelsof aflatoxin B1 on performance, biochemical parameters, and aflatoxin B1 in broiler liver tissues in the presence of monensin and sodium bentonite. Poultry Science. 90: 48-58.
MONBALIU, S.; VAN POUCKE, C.; DETAVERNIER, C.; DUMOULIN, F.; VAN DE VELDE, M.; SCHOETERS, E.; VAN DYCK, S.; AVERKIEVA, O.; VAN PETEGHEM, C. AND DE SAEGER, S., 2010. Occurrence of mycotoxins in feed as analyzed by a multi- mycotoxin LC-MS/MS method. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 58: 66-71.
MONSON, M.S.; SETTLAGE, R.E.; MCMAHOON, K.W.; MENDOZA, K.M.; RAWAL, S.; EL-NEZAMI, H.S.; COULOMBE, R.A. AND REED, K.M., 2014. Response of the hepatic transcriptone to aflatoxin B1 in domestic turkey (Meleagris gallopavo). PLosONE. 9(6): e100930.
MOSTAFA, A; ARMIN, A.; HAMID, P. AND REZA, A.M., 2012. Review paper: Rapid detection methods for analysis of fungi and mycotoxins in Agriculture products. Research Journal of Recent Sciences. 1(7): 90-98.
RIPPON, J. W., 1988. Medical Mycology-The Pathogenic Fungi and the Pathogenic Actinomycetes (3rd Ed.).
SALIM, A.B.; ZOHAIR, A.; HEGAZY, A.E.S. AND SAID, A., 2011. Effect of some strains of probiotic bacteria against toxicity induced by aflatoxins. Journal of American Science. 7(1): 772-783.
SAMBROOK, J.; FRITSCGH, E.F.;AND MENTIATES, 1989 Molecular cloning. A laboratory manual. Vol !., Cold spring Harbor Laboratotry press, New York.
TOLA, M. AND KEBEDE, B., 2016. Occurrence, importance and control of mycotoxins: A review. Cogent Food and Agriculture. 2: 1-12.
VARGA, J.; FRISVAD, J.C. AND SAMSON, R.A., 2011. Two new aflatoxin producing species and an overview of Aspergillus section Flavi. Studies in Mycology, 69(1): 57-80.
VIEGAS, C., FARIA, T., CAETANO, L. A., CAROLINO, E., GOMES, A. Q., & VIEGAS, S., 2017. Aspergillus spp. prevalence in different Portuguese occupational environments: What is the real scenario in high load settings?. Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene, 14(10), 771-785.
WHO 2002. World Health organization. Department of communicable diseases surveillance and response.
WHO. 2006. Mycotoxins in African foods: Implications to Food Safety and Health. AFRO Food Safety Newsletter. 2: 1-10.
WHO. 2008. World Health Statistics. WHO Press, Geneva, https://www. Who. Int/Whosis/Whostat/2008/en/
XU, L.; ZHANG, Z.; ZHANG, Q.; ZHANG, W.; YU, L.; WANG, D. AND LI, P.. 2000. An On-Site Simultaneous Semi-Quantification of Aflatoxin B1, Zearalenone, and T-2 Toxin in Maize- and Cereal- Based Feed via Multicolor Immuno-chromatographic Assay. Toxins, 10(2): 87.
YAMAKAMI, Y.; HASHIMOTO, A.; TOKIMATSU, I. AND NASU, M., 1996.PCR Detection of DNA Specific for Aspergillus Species in Serum of Patients with Invasive Aspergillosis. | ||||
|
Statistics Article View: 554 PDF Download: 852 |
||||
