Factors and manifestations of damage affecting stone statues
gad ahmed, M., Al-Derby, A., Qamh, J. (2021). Factors and manifestations of damage affecting stone statues. EKB Journal Management System, 4(2), 41-64. doi: 10.21608/ijmsac.2021.224602
Mohammed gad ahmed; Abdo Al-Derby; Jamal Qamh. "Factors and manifestations of damage affecting stone statues". EKB Journal Management System, 4, 2, 2021, 41-64. doi: 10.21608/ijmsac.2021.224602
gad ahmed, M., Al-Derby, A., Qamh, J. (2021). 'Factors and manifestations of damage affecting stone statues', EKB Journal Management System, 4(2), pp. 41-64. doi: 10.21608/ijmsac.2021.224602
gad ahmed, M., Al-Derby, A., Qamh, J. Factors and manifestations of damage affecting stone statues. EKB Journal Management System, 2021; 4(2): 41-64. doi: 10.21608/ijmsac.2021.224602

Factors and manifestations of damage affecting stone statues

International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies in Architecture and Cultural Heritage
Volume 4, Issue 2, December 2021, Page 41-64  XML PDF (2 MB)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ijmsac.2021.224602
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Authors
Mohammed gad ahmed1; Abdo Al-Derby2; Jamal Qamh3
1Conservation Director of the antiquities of Karnak temples - Ministry of tourism and antiquities, Luxor-Egypt
2Professor and Head of Antiquities Restoration Department, Faculty of Archeology, South Valley University
3Professor and Head of the Geology Department - Faculty of Sciences - Menoufia University
Abstract
In this research paper, we will address the factors and manifestations of damage affecting the stone statues in the open environment, where the factors destructive to the statues are divided into natural factors, which occur without human intervention, that is, by nature, and have the largest selling of the factors of damage and are represented in the effect of heat, humidity, wind, earthquakes and salts individually or Reciprocally, and biological factors and are represented in the biological impact of living organisms such as birds, animals, insects and microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and algae, in addition to human factors that occur by humans, whether deliberate such as wars and political hostilities and reusing the effect for another purpose or unintentionally such as wrong restoration work and lack of awareness The archaeological sense and the impact of air pollution due to human action, and finally the study of the internal damage factors of the stone, which arise either from the internal components of the stone or defects in the operation of the stone.
Keywords
Natural damage factors; biological damage factors; human damage factors; internal damage factors; damage appearances; stone statues
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