SUPPRESSING PATULIN PRODUCTION AND APPLE ROTS BY C ERTAIN SALTS | ||||
| Journal of Plant Production | ||||
| Article 8, Volume 27, Issue 9, September 2002, Page 5795-5805 PDF (2.32 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2002.256604 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| S. E. Youssef,; M. A. Abdel-Aziz; M. M. EI-Boghdady; S. M. Hanafi | ||||
| Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Apple fruits were heavily infected with Bolrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum during cold storage. causing serious economic: losses. Certain salts as alternatives to fungicides, i.e. ammonium sulfate «(NH.hSO,), calcium chloride (CaCI2), magnesium sulfate (MgSO.) and potassium disulMe (K,;S20~) at 100,200 or 300 ppm and sodium hypochlorite (NaOel) at SO, 100 or 200 ppm were tested in vitro against both fungi. All tested salts inhibited mycelial fungal growth, particularty K,S.Osand CaCI., While (NH.hS04 was the least effective one. Activity of PG, PME and C. as cell degrading enzymes in treated fruits was investigated. However, it was suggested that PG had a remar1<able role in infection of apples with B. cinerea, while Cx had an impact In infection 01 apples with P. expansum. Sail treatments Ihat inhibited PG, C. and PME activity concomitanUy conlrolled decay of apple fruits during cold storage. K2S,OS and CaCI2 at 200 ppm proved to be the most effective postharvest treatments to control apple fruit rots during cold storage at 0_1°C for 2 months. Patulin, a mycotoxin, was produced in Czapek's broth medium with P. expensum al concentration of 105.93 ~gI1itre, when incubated at 25QC for 2 weeks, while tested salts completely suppressed patulin production, except for NaOCI and (NH.)2S0 •. P. expansum produced patulin at 52.180 ~g/kg in the control apple fruits. No patulin was detected in apples treated with K2S20s, where low amount of patulln, 3.125 ~gllcg fruil, was detected in apples treated wilh either CaCI. or MgSO •. Generally, it could be concluded that postharvest treatment of apple fruits with sodium disulfite and calcium chloride at 200 ppm was very effective in controlling fungal decay incited by B. cinerea and P. expansum and simultaneously in suppression of patulin prooucnon. Salt treatmants maintained gOOd fruit quality including firmness, TSS, TA and TSSrrA ratio during the cold storage at 0·1°C for 2 months. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| apple; patulin; rnycotonn; Botrytis cinerea; Pencillium expensum; storage; rot; decay; salt; calcium; potassium; sodium; magnesium; ammonium; cell-degrading enzyme; fungus; quality | ||||
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