THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF PECTIN EXTRACTED FROM ORANGE AND POMEGRANATE PEELS AND CELLULOSE EXTRACTED FROM ORANGE ON CARBON TETRACHLORIDE INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN MALE ALBINO RATS | ||||
| Journal of Environmental Science | ||||
| Volume 51, Issue 11, November 2022, Page 1-45 PDF (855.14 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Review Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jes.2022.149233.1282 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Mohamed W. Ramadan  1; Mohamed A. El Nawawy2; Safwat H. Ali2; Mohamed M. A. Omar2
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| 1Post Grad. Student, Faculty of Environmental Studies and Research, Ain Shams University | ||||
| 2Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Dietary fibers play an important role in the maintenance of health. In addition, higher dietary fibers intake is correlated with reduced incidence of disease and mortality. Pectin from orange, pomegranate peels, cellulose from orange peels and anthocyanin extracted from pomegranate have shown to possess significant antitoxic activity against CCl4. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of pectin extracted from orange, pomegranate peels and cellulose extracted from orange peels and anthocyanin extracted from pomegranate on albino rats induced hepatotoxic stress by treating with CCl4. To accomplish this aim, twenty-five male albino rats were divided into five groups. The groups were normal or negative control group (NC 1), the second, third, fourth and fifth groups were intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected by (1ml/kg) CCl4 dissolved in paraffin oil (1:1 (v/v)) twice every week for two months. Meanwhile groups 3, 4, and 5 were administered orally orange pectin, pomegranate pectin, and cellulose extracted from orange peel (50 mg/kg), respectively. All groups were orally administered with anthocyanin (250 mg/kg) extracted from pomegranate peels twice each week for two months as antioxidants supplemented substance except group 1 (normal or negative control) and second group CCl4 group which considered as positive control group. Blood samples after 15, 30 and 60 days at the end of the experiment were taken from the eye artery and collected in vacuum tubes clot activator to get serum, besides EDTA tubes to analyze blood picture. Serum analysis was preferred to measure ALT, AST, T.Protein, S.Albumin, total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Sodium (Na), Potassium (K) and blood samples in EDTA tubes were used for analyze complete blood picture. The obtained results reveal that ALT and AST levels were increased due to i.p. injection of CCl4, meanwhile, orally administration of pectin extracted from both orange and pomegranate peels besides cellulose from orange peel led to reback ALT and AST levels and other biomarker to be close to normal control rats. This finding shows that dietary fibers play an important protective agent against toxicity induced by CCl4 and attenuate its harmful effect | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Rats; pectin; dietary fiber; carbon tetra chloride; cellulose; anthocyanin; orange peel; pomegranate peel; blood analysis | ||||
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