Biofuel Production From Palm Oil Mill Effluent Through Hydrocracking Using Natural Zeolite-Supported Transition Metal Oxide Catalyst
Saragih, G., Harmileni, H., Sihombing, J., Pulungan, A. (2023). Biofuel Production From Palm Oil Mill Effluent Through Hydrocracking Using Natural Zeolite-Supported Transition Metal Oxide Catalyst. EKB Journal Management System, 66(13), 347-358. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2023.180971.7340
Gimelliya Saragih; Harmileni Harmileni; Junifa Layla Sihombing; Ahmad Nasir Pulungan. "Biofuel Production From Palm Oil Mill Effluent Through Hydrocracking Using Natural Zeolite-Supported Transition Metal Oxide Catalyst". EKB Journal Management System, 66, 13, 2023, 347-358. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2023.180971.7340
Saragih, G., Harmileni, H., Sihombing, J., Pulungan, A. (2023). 'Biofuel Production From Palm Oil Mill Effluent Through Hydrocracking Using Natural Zeolite-Supported Transition Metal Oxide Catalyst', EKB Journal Management System, 66(13), pp. 347-358. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2023.180971.7340
Saragih, G., Harmileni, H., Sihombing, J., Pulungan, A. Biofuel Production From Palm Oil Mill Effluent Through Hydrocracking Using Natural Zeolite-Supported Transition Metal Oxide Catalyst. EKB Journal Management System, 2023; 66(13): 347-358. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2023.180971.7340

Biofuel Production From Palm Oil Mill Effluent Through Hydrocracking Using Natural Zeolite-Supported Transition Metal Oxide Catalyst

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Volume 66, Issue 13, December 2023, Page 347-358  XML PDF (2.14 MB)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2023.180971.7340
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Authors
Gimelliya Saragih email orcid 1; Harmileni Harmileni1; Junifa Layla Sihombingorcid 2; Ahmad Nasir Pulunganorcid 3
1Politeknik Teknologi Kimia Industri, Medan 20228, Indonesia
2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan, Jl.Willem Iskandar Pasar V Medan Estate, Medan 20221, Indonesia
3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan, Jl. Willem Iskandar Pasar V Medan Estate, Medan 20221, Indonesia
Abstract
Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a liquid waste from the processing of crude palm oil (CPO) which has not been utilized optimally. Oil extraction from POME resulted in an oil yield of 9923 mg/L. The residual oil from POME can be converted into fuel through catalytic hydrocracking with heterogeneous catalysts such as zeolite. The natural zeolite catalyst used in this research is Sarulla natural zeolite (SNZ) from North Sumatera, Indonesia. SNZ was activated with mineral acids and then loaded with PbO and ZnO metal oxides. The surface morphology of the catalysts was quite homogeneous with fine particle sizes of 1-2 µm. The surface areas of PbO/SNZ and ZnO/SNZ catalysts were 81.9 and 58.5 m2/g, with pore diameters of 3.09 and 3.58 nm, respectively. The obtained biofuel has a conversion to the liquid product of 40-44% obtained from POME catalyzed with a mass catalyst of 0.15 wt.%. The liquid product catalyzed by PbO/SNZ was more selective towards the gasoline fraction with a selectivity of 22-30%. Meanwhile, ZnO/SNZ 0.15 wt.% catalyzed produced more kerosene fraction with the highest selectivity of 52%. The highest HHV of biofuel (44.2 MJ/kg) was obtained from the liquid product catalyzed by ZnO/SNZ 0.12 wt.%.
Keywords
Biofuel; catalytic hydrocracking; palm oil mill effluent; natural zeolite catalyst
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