Critical Analysis of the Theological Discourse in the early 20th century: A Study of the Reactions to the Appeal to Atheism in Ismail Adham’s Monograph | ||
| مجلة البحث العلمي في الآداب | ||
| Article 12, Volume 24, Issue 5, July 2023, Pages 184-210 PDF (1.5 M) | ||
| Document Type: المقالة الأصلية | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jssa.2023.211895.1511 | ||
| Author | ||
| Hoda A. Baz* | ||
| جامعة عين شمس، كلية الألسن ، قسم اللغة العربية، القاهرة، مصر | ||
| Abstract | ||
| This study is concerned with the great intellectual battle that arose in the early 20th century due to the article of Dr. Ismail Adham (1940) "Why am I an Atheist?" which was published in The Imam magazine to express his happiness at becoming an atheist who takes upon himself the responsibility of spreading the atheist thought. Dr. Ahmed Zaki Abu Shadi (1955) reacted to this article with a lecture that was published, later, in “Adaby” magazine under the title: "Why am I a Believer?" Likewise, Mr. Mohamed Farid Wajdi (1954), responded to Adham’s article with a philosophical study published in Al -Azhar magazine. This study is entitled: "Why is he an atheist?". Similarly, Sheikh Yusuf Al-Dajawi (1946) replied back with a series of articles published in Al -Azhar magazine under the title: "A Great Violation that can’t be Tolerated". The present study highlights the semantic and the formal textual structures of the discourses of atheism and that of faith that attacks it with a view to protect Islam against all the atheist media appeals that seek to affect and influence public opinion. These attempts reveal how Ismail Adham tried to spread his ideas through language, and how the Arab muslim community received this discourse and read it, refuting his claims. The study adopts the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as its theoretical framework, and aims, through the sociocognitive approach of Van Dijk, to underline the fact that every discourse has certain textual structures that disclose the point of view of its maker, his beliefs as well as his ideologies. The study also aims to highlight the fact that every discourse establishes in the readers certain cognitive attitudes that fuse with the discourse maker’s cognitive representations, in a manner that practises authoritarian power which, in turn, seeks to maintain social dominance. تتخذ الدراسة من التحليل النقدي للخطابcritical discourse analysis إطارًا نظريًا، من خلال المقاربة المعرفية الاجتماعية Sociocognitive Approach لفان دايك van Daijk التي ترى أن كل خطاب بما يحمله من بنى نصية وعلاقات تفاعلية يعبر عن وجهة نظر صانعه وأيديولوجيته، ويستهدف بناء مسلمات معرفية تنصهر مع تمثيلاته الإدراكية، ممارسًا بذلك سلوكًا سلطويًا يسعى للهيمنة الاجتماعية. تنقسم الدراسة إلى: مدخل نظري يعرض لمفهوم التحليل النقدي للخطاب ونشأته ومقارباته. المبحث الأول؛ بعنوان "السياق المعاصر لمعركة الإيمان والإلحاد"، ويحلل عناصر سياق خطابي الإلحاد والإيمان. المبحث الثاني؛ بعنوان "البنى الدلالية"، ويعرض لعدد من المفاهيم المرتبطة بالبنى الكبرى لخطابي الإلحاد والإيمان. المبحث الثالث؛ بعنوان "البنى الشكلية"، ويعرض للبنى العليا في هذا الخطاب ويحللها. الخاتمة؛ وبها نتائج الدراسة. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Critical Discourse Analysis; Text Structures; Theological Discourse | ||
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