Highlighting on the Occurrence of Campylobacter in Chickens with Special Reference to its Antimicrobial Resistance | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Animal Health | ||||
| Volume 3, Issue 4, October 2023, Page 257-272 PDF (1.99 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original researches | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejah.2023.331046 | ||||
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| Abstract | ||||
| Chickens are recognized as the primary reservoir of thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. and they are responsible for an expected 80% of human campylobacter infection. A total of 113 campylobacter isolates (32.8%) were recovered from 345 different samples collected from human (children stool swabs) and chicken (cloacal swabs, cecal parts, neck skin, liver. gizzard, thigh and breast meat). It was found that 69.9% of C. jejuni isolates were susceptible to gentamicin, followed by kanamycin, norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin (67.3. 59.3 and 49.6%, respectively). On the other hand, it has been found that all the examined isolates were resistant to ampicillin and erythromycin (100% each). Moreover, majority of C. jejuni isolates were resistant to tetracycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid and cephalothin (90.3, 82.3, 80.5 and 75.2%, respectively). Estimating the MAR indices for all C. jejuni isolates revealed that all the tested isolates had an index greater than 0.2 indicating a high-risk source of contamination, where the antibiotics are often used Three XDR C. jejuni isolates (2.7%) had an index of 0.9. the conventional PCR assay was used to detect genes specific for genus Campylobacter and C. jejuni in 20 XDR and 5 MDR . All confirmed C. jejuni isolates (25) were tested for the presence of 4 critical virulence genes those play important roles in C. jejuni pathogenesis (flaA, virB11, wlaN and cdtB). The effects of SICs of Rosemary and Ginger extracts (0.0125% each) on the transcriptional modulation of flaA, virB11 and wlaN genes were assessed by qRT-PCR assay. The results of this study have an important clinical impact. As all tested genes were found to be markedly down regulated after exposure to SICs of tested phytochemicals. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| campylobacter; Rosemary Ginger | ||||
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