STERILIZATION OF BROILER CHICKEN MANURE USING THERMAL AND NON-THERMAL PROCESSING TECHNIQUES | ||
| Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering | ||
| Article 4, Volume 41, Issue 4, October 2024, Pages 323-340 PDF (780.61 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/mjae.2024.302153.1140 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Mohamed Ibrahim Nasr Morsy1; Abdalla Mossad Zaineldin2; Hend Ahmed Magdy El-Maghawry* 3 | ||
| 1Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Ag. & Biosystems Eng., Fac. of Ag. (El-Shatby), Alex. U., Alex., Egypt. | ||
| 2Prof. Emeritus, Dept. of Ag. & Biosystems Eng., Fac. of Ag. (El-Shatby), Alex. U., Alex., Egypt. | ||
| 3Assoc. Prof., Ag. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Ag., Zagazig U., Zagazig, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The current research was conducted to study the use of thermal and non-thermal processing techniques in the sterilization of broiler chicken manure through different periods of exposure. The sterilization process was studied using various thermal processing techniques (sun drying and electric drying) and non-thermal processing techniques (ultraviolet) for exposure times of 1 to 6 hours, as well as re-exposing previously sun-dried and electric-dried manure to UV-C for exposure times of 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 minutes. The sterilization process was studied based on microbial count, sterilization efficiency, specific energy, and sterilization cost. Findings clarified that sterilizing chicken manure through sun drying is ineffective. Sun drying for 6 hours and subsequently exposure to a UV-C intensity of 1960 µW/cm2 for 5 minutes resulted in a sterilization efficiency of 100%, the lowest specific energy of 0.163 kW.h/kg, and a sterilization cost of 0.228 LE/kg compared to other treatments. Chicken manure can be sterilized using electric drying for up to 5 hours at a specific energy of 58.88 kW.h/kg and a sterilization cost of 82.43 LE/kg. While using electric drying for 2 hours followed by 60 minutes of exposure to a UV-C intensity of 1960 µW/cm2, the manure was sterilized with a specific energy of 25.51 kW.h/kg and a sterilization cost of 35.71 LE/kg. Exposing manure to 1470 µW/cm2 UV-C intensity for 6 hours achieved 100% sterilization efficiency, 8.80 kW.h/kg specific energy, and 12.31 LE/kg sterilization cost. In conclusion, using UV-C is an energy-saving and economical processing technique for sterilizing chicken manure. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Sterilization; Manure; Sun drying; Ultraviolet; Exposure time | ||
| References | ||
|
Abdeshahian, P. et al. (2016) ‘Potential of biogas production from farm animal waste in Malaysia’, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 60, 714–723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.01.117.
Amesa, S., Negesse, T. and Teklegiorgis, Y. (2018) ‘Replacing soya bean meal with fish offal meal and poultry litter in the diets of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared in pond culture on their growth performance and carcass composition’, Agricultural Research & Technology, 14(2), 95-103. https://doi.org/10.19080/ARTOAJ.2018.14.555920.
AOAC, Association of Official Analytical Chemists (1990). Official Methods of Analysis (15th Ed.). Washington.
AOAC, Association of Official Analytical Chemists (2005). Official Methods of Analysis (18th Ed.). AOAC INTERNATIONAL. Gaithersburg. MD.
Aravinth, A. and Prakash, S. (2015) ‘Poultry waste management and dead bird dispoal technique’, Paripex - Indian Journal of Research, 4(12). 152-153.
Aswathi, A., Pandey, A. and Sukumaran, R. K. (2019) ‘Rapid degradation of the organophosphate pesticide–Chlorpyrifos by a novel strain of Pseudomonas nitroreducens AR-3’, Bioresource technology, 292, 122025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122025.
Baldasso, V. et al. (2021) ‘UVC inactivation of MS2-phage in drinking water–Modelling and field testing’, Water Research, 203, 117496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.117496.
Bintsis, T., Litopoulou‐Tzanetaki, E. and Robinson, R. K. (2000) ‘Existing and potential applications of ultraviolet light in the food industry–a critical review’, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 80(6), 637-645. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(20000501)80:6%3C637::AID-JSFA603%3E3.0.CO;2-1.
Black, Z. et al. (2021) ‘The fate of foodborne pathogens in manure treated soil’, Frontiers in Microbiology, 12, 781357. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.781357.
Bosshard, F. et al. (2010) ‘The respiratory chain is the cell's Achilles' heel during UVA inactivation in Escherichia coli’, Microbiology, 156(7), 2006-2015. https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.038471-0.
Bux, M. et al. (2002) ‘Volume reduction and biological stabilization of sludge in small sewage plants by solar drying’, Drying Technology, 20(4-5), 829-837. https://doi.org/10.1081/DRT-120003765.
Castillejo, N., Martínez-Zamora, L. and Artés-Hernández, F. (2021) ‘Periodical UV-B radiation hormesis in biosynthesis of kale sprouts nutraceuticals’, Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 165, 274-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.022.
Cela, E. et al. (2023) ‘New Weapons to Fight against Staphylococcus aureus Skin Infections’, Antibiotics, 12(10), 1477. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12101477.
Chumpolbanchorn, K. et al. (2006) ‘The effect of temperature and UV light on infectivity of avian influenza virus (H5N1, Thai field strain) in chicken fecal manure’, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 37(1), 102-105.
Dikinya, O. and Mufwanzala, N. (2010) ‘Chicken manure-enhanced soil fertility and productivity: Effects of application rates’, Journal of soil science and environmental management, 1(3), 46-54.
El-Deek, A. et al. (2009) ‘Producing single cell protein from poultry manure and evaluation for broiler chickens diets’, International Journal of Poultry Science, 8(11), 1062-1077. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2009.1062.1077.
El-Maghawry, Hend A. M., Zaineldin, A. M. and Morsy, M. I. N. (2024) ‘Applying germicidal ultraviolet in chicken manure disinfection for promoting agricultural sustainability’, Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 41(3), 243-262. https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/mjae.2024.297676.1138.
Firouzi, S., Alizadeh, M. R. and Haghtalab, D. (2017) ‘Energy consumption and rice milling quality upon drying paddy with a newly-designed horizontal rotary dryer’, Energy, 119, 629-636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.11.026.
Ghaly, A. E. and Alhattab, M. (2013) ‘Drying poultry manure for pollution potential reduction and production of organic fertilizer’, American Journal of Environmental Sciences, 9(2), 88-102. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajessp.2013.88.102.
Ghaly, A. E. and MacDonald, K. N. (2012a) ‘An effective passive solar dryer for thin layer drying of poultry manure’, American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 5(2), 136-150. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2012.136.150.
Ghaly, A. E. and MacDonald, K. N. (2012b) ‘Drying of poultry manure for use as animal feed’, American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 7(3), 239-254. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajabssp.2012.239.254.
Hess, T. et al. (2004) ‘Heat inactivation of E. coli during manure composting’, Compost science & utilization, 12(4), 314-322. https://doi.org/10.1080/1065657X.2004.10702200.
Ibrahim, M. et al. (2022) ‘Comparative impact of Bacillus spp. on long-term N supply and N-cycling bacterial distribution under biochar and manure amendment’, Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 22(1), 882-895. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-021-00698-4.
Jildeh, Z. B., Wagner, P. H. and Schöning, M. J. (2021) ‘Sterilization of objects, products, and packaging surfaces and their characterization in different fields of industry: The status in 2020’, physica status solidi (a), 218(13), 2000732. https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202000732.
Jokiniemi, T. (2016) ‘Energy efficiency in grain preservation’. Doctoral Thesis in Agrotechnology, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki.
Kawata, K. et al. (2006) ‘Variation in pesticide concentrations during composting of food waste and fowl droppings’, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology, 77(3), 391-398. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-006-1078-8.
Li, X., Li, B. and Tong, Q. (2020) ‘The effect of drying temperature on nitrogen loss and pathogen removal in laying hen manure’, Sustainability, 12(1), 403. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12010403.
Lombini, M. et al. (2023) ‘Solar ultraviolet light collector for germicidal irradiation on the moon’, Scientific Reports, 13(1), 8326. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-35438-4.
Lopez-Mosquera, M. et al. (2008) ‘Fertilizing value of broiler litter: Effects of drying and pelletizing’, Bioresource technology, 99(13), 5626-5633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.10.034.
Maharjan, S. et al. (2019) ‘Microbial quality of poultry meat in an ISO 22000: 2005 certified poultry processing plant of Kathmandu valley’, International Journal of Food Contamination, 6, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40550-019-0078-5.
Mahmoud, N. S. (2017) ‘Suitability of dried poultry manure for use as animal feed’, Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 34(4), 1823-1836. https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/mjae.2017.96173.
Manogaran, M. et al. (2022) ‘A review on treatment processes of chicken manure’, Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy, 2, 100013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clcb.2022.100013.
Matsumoto, T. et al. (2022) ‘Time-dose reciprocity mechanism for the inactivation of Escherichia coli explained by a stochastic process with two inactivation effects’, Scientific Reports, 12(1), 22588. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-26783-x.
Miles, E. et al. (2011) ‘The Salmon in Pregnancy Study: study design, subject characteristics, maternal fish and marine n–3 fatty acid intake, and marine n–3 fatty acid status in maternal and umbilical cord blood’, The American journal of clinical nutrition, 94, S1986-S1992. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.110.001636.
Moran, M. A. and Zepp, R. G. (2000) UV radiation effects on microbes and microbial processes. In: Kirchman D. L. (1st ed) Microbial ecology of the oceans. Wiley-Liss, New York, 201–228.
Motevali, A., Minaei, S. and Khoshtagaza, M. H. (2011) ‘Evaluation of energy consumption in different drying methods’, Energy conversion and management, 52(2), 1192-1199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2010.09.014.
Muduli, S. et al. (2019) ‘Poultry waste management: An approach for sustainable development’, International Journal of Advanced Scientific Research, 4(1), 8-14.
Mugiharto, L. et al. (2022) ‘UV-C Technology to support air quality for safety work and security from biological agent threats’, Elkawnie, 8(1), 161-174. https://doi.org/10.22373/ekw.v8i1.12028.
Niño-Gomez, J. et al. (2021) ‘Ultraviolet radiation to control bacteria in oil well injection water’, CT&F-Ciencia, Tecnología y Futuro, 11(1), 5-9. https://doi.org/10.29047/01225383.191.
Nwobodo, C. et al. (2023) ‘Knowledge capabilities for sustainable poultry production in Sub-Sahara Africa: Lessons from Southeast Nigeria’, Sustainability, 15(14), 11174. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411174.
Obasa, S. O., Alegbeleye, W. O. and Amole, J. B. (2009) ‘Dried poultry manure meal as a substitute for soybean meal in the diets of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)(Burchell 1822) advanced fry’, Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 9(1), 121-124.
Ortiz-Rodríguez, N. et al. (2022) ‘Solar drying technologies: A review and future research directions with a focus on agroindustrial applications in medium and large scale’, Applied Thermal Engineering, 215, 118993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2022.118993.
Pezzolla, D. et al. (2021) ‘The use of new parameters to optimize the composting process of different organic wastes’, Agronomy, 11(10), 2090. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11102090.
Samad, A. (2023) ‘Use of poultry manure as an alternative of soybean in fish feed’, Biological Times, 2(3), 1-2.
SAS (2004) SAS/STAT® User's Guide: Statistics Ver. 9.2. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
Shaji, H., Chandran, V. and Mathew, L. (2021) Organic fertilizers as a route to controlled release of nutrients, Controlled release fertilizers for sustainable agriculture, Academic Press, 231-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819555-0.00013-3.
Singh, P. et al. (2018) ‘Poultry waste management’, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 7(8), 701-712. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.708.077.
Sistani, K. et al. (2001) ‘Impact of drying method, dietary phosphorus levels, and methodology on phosphorus chemistry of broiler manure’, Communications in soil science and plant analysis, 32(17-18), 2783-2793. https://doi.org/10.1081/CSS-120000961.
Sistani, K. et al. (2003) ‘Characterization of broiler cake and broiler litter, the by-products of two management practices’, Bioresource Technology, 90(1), 27-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(03)00096-8.
Soro, A. et al. (2021) ‘Modelling the effect of UV light at different wavelengths and treatment combinations on the inactivation of Campylobacter jejuni’, Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 69, 102626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2021.102626.
Torto, R. and Rhule, S. W. (1997) ‘Performance of West African Dwarf goats fed dehydrated poultry manure as a dry season supplement’, Tropical Animal Health and Production, 29(3), 180-184. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02633020.
Van Esse, H. P., Reuber, T. L. and van der Does, D. (2020) ‘Genetic modification to improve disease resistance in crops’, New Phytologist, 225(1), 70-86. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15967. | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 454 PDF Download: 469 |
||
