Geopolymers as sustainable alternates for portland cement in constructive concrete: systematic review | ||
| Alexandria Journal of Science and Technology | ||
| Article 2, Volume 2, Issue 2 - Serial Number 4, December 2024, Pages 90-103 PDF (2.22 M) | ||
| Document Type: Review Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ajst.2024.290876.1032 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Rania Emara1; Sadia Bano2; Summayya Batool3; Javeria Shoukat4; Izaz ul Islam5; Muhammad A Ashraf6; Muhammad Altaf7; Aqsa Iqbal8; Ajmal Shah9; Abdullah Ayaz9; Salam N. Hattawi10; Ahmed G. Ahmed11; Firas M. Fadhil11; H. A. Fetouh12 | ||
| 1Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt | ||
| 2Department of chemistry, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore | ||
| 3Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad | ||
| 4Chemistry Department, University of Okara | ||
| 5: Chemistry Department, Abdul Wali khan University Mardan, 23200 Mardan, KP, Pakistan | ||
| 6International Islamic University Islamabad | ||
| 7Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand | ||
| 8University of Okara, Pakistan | ||
| 9Chemistry Department, Abdul Wali khan University Mardan, 23200 Mardan, KP, Pakistan | ||
| 10Northern technical university, college of health and medical techniquies, Department of renal diaylsis techniquies, Kirkuk, Iraq | ||
| 11University of Kirkuk, College of education for pure science-chemistry department, Kirkuk, Iraq | ||
| 12Chemistry department, Faculty of science Alexandria university | ||
| Abstract | ||
| This systematic review presenting fundamentals of geopolymer (GP) for concrete technology. Geopolymer formulated by activation of sustainable aluminosilicate binders (eco-friendly, available, cheap, sustainable natural raw materials fly ash and slag wastes). Geopolymer concrete decrease scarcity of global ordinary Portland cement and decrease energy 0.110 kWh per gram and CO2(g) emission (800 kg ton-1). Durability, mechanical strength, resistance to water and leaching improved via by TiO2 nanoparticles. Polycondensation yield and physicochemical characteristics of GP are monotonic functions of (binder's chemistry, alkali concentration& types, reinforcing fibers, Si to Al ratio, precursors firing, types of solid wastes, heating activation, types and curing conditions. Concrete quality is controlled by geopolymer (composition, additives, mechanical strength and compressive strength). Nano materials SiO2, Fe2O4 and Al2O3 improved (mechanical characteristics, microstructure, functionality, durability, mortar strength, slurry mobility, permeability, impact, and rheology) as well as decreasing shrinkage and micro cracks on aging. Fumed nano silica showed be added at small 0.5% wt. with 4% wt.% superplasticizer with low water:cement ratio.Appropriate curing and optimum 7% super plasticizer improved workability, flow and fluidity. Limestone (CaCO3) is an ideal filler increases tensile strength and flexural strength, however impact the thermal expansion coefficient. The obstacle is the scale up using CaCO3 in GP cement. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Aluminosilicate; raw materials; wastes; management; sustainable | ||
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