Assessment of Lead and Cadmium Contamination in Water Resources of Northeastern Thailand and Its Implications for Ecological Risk Evaluation | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries | ||
| Article 48, Volume 28, Issue 4, July and August 2024, Pages 783-798 PDF (811.74 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2024.369525 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Runglawan Sudmoon1; Arunrat Chaveerach2; Penkhae Thamsenanupap3; Natapol Pumipuntu4; Satienpong Khowhit5; Sakuna Thipparut1; Suchartwat Nattaprasert1; Wan Hee Cheng6; Tawatchai Tanee* 3 | ||
| 1Faculty of Law, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand | ||
| 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand | ||
| 3Faculty of Environmental and Resource Studies, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand One Health Research Unit, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand | ||
| 4One Health Research Unit, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand | ||
| 5Faculty of Environmental and Resource Studies, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand | ||
| 6Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The accumulation of heavy metals in the environment can adversely impact both the food chain and human health. This research investigated cadmium and lead accumulation in water, sediment, and fish in Huai Kho Reservoir, Northeastern Thailand, with samples collected during both the rainy and dry seasons. Moreover, the bioconcentration factor (BCF), potential ecological risk index (PERI), and tolerable daily intake (TDI) were evaluated. Cadmium and lead levels in water and sediment exceeded the standard limits. Cadmium levels ranged from 0.02 to 0.06mg/ L and 0.31 to 0.42mg/ L, respectively, while lead levels ranged from 0.08 to 1.13mg/ kg and 3.63 to 15.28mg/ kg, respectively. Lead exceeded the limits in 18 fish species, while cadmium exceeded them in some species. In both the rainy and dry seasons, cadmium levels peaked in muscle, while lead was at its highest in the digestive tract. The BCF for lead was higher than that for cadmium, although no significant seasonal differences were observed in the accumulation. Even though the TDI assessment didn't exceed standard guidelines, the PERI indicated a high-risk level, emphasizing the need for legal measures regulating the use of heavy metal-containing substances. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Bioaccumulation; Regulation policy; Potential ecological risk index; Tolerable daily intake | ||
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