Some heavy metal contents in surface water and sediment as a pollution index of El- Manzala Lake, Egypt
Goher, M., Abdoa, M., Bayoumy, W., El-Ashkar, T. (2017). Some heavy metal contents in surface water and sediment as a pollution index of El- Manzala Lake, Egypt. EKB Journal Management System, 4(2), 210-225. doi: 10.21608/jbes.2017.369652
M. E. Goher; M. H. Abdoa; W.A. Bayoumy; T. Y. Mansour El-Ashkar. "Some heavy metal contents in surface water and sediment as a pollution index of El- Manzala Lake, Egypt". EKB Journal Management System, 4, 2, 2017, 210-225. doi: 10.21608/jbes.2017.369652
Goher, M., Abdoa, M., Bayoumy, W., El-Ashkar, T. (2017). 'Some heavy metal contents in surface water and sediment as a pollution index of El- Manzala Lake, Egypt', EKB Journal Management System, 4(2), pp. 210-225. doi: 10.21608/jbes.2017.369652
Goher, M., Abdoa, M., Bayoumy, W., El-Ashkar, T. Some heavy metal contents in surface water and sediment as a pollution index of El- Manzala Lake, Egypt. EKB Journal Management System, 2017; 4(2): 210-225. doi: 10.21608/jbes.2017.369652

Some heavy metal contents in surface water and sediment as a pollution index of El- Manzala Lake, Egypt

Journal of Basic and Environmental Sciences
Volume 4, Issue 2, April 2017, Page 210-225  XML PDF (298.36 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/jbes.2017.369652
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Authors
M. E. Goher1; M. H. Abdoa2; W.A. Bayoumy3; T. Y. Mansour El-Ashkar2
1National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Environmental Chemistry, Cairo, Egypt
2National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Environmental Chemistry, Cairo, Egypt.
3Benha University, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Dept., Benha, Egypt
Abstract
El-Manzala Lake is one of most important lake in north Delta of Egypt. It is exposed to huge amounts of serious pollutants
especially heavy metals. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the spatial distribution of the heavy metals in
water and sediment of the lake. Accordingly, Metal index (MI) and pollution index (PI) were calculated to assess the
contaminations of the lake water with the metals named Fe+2, Mn+2, Cu+2, Zn+2, Pb+2, and Cd+2. MI and PI values confirm that
most sites of aquatic utilizations are highly polluted with the mentioned metals. Four Pollution Indices were used for the
environmental assessment of Lake sediment. The indices included three single indices, Enrichment Factor (EF), Index of
Geo-accumulation (Igeo) and Contamination Factor (CF). While the fourth, Pollution Load Index (PLI) was an integrated
index. The pollution indexes confirmed that the Lake sediment was contaminated with these elements. This is attributed to
discharging of the effluents of different industrial wastes into the lake.
Keywords
El-Manzalah Lake; Heavy metals; pollution index
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