Detection of Molds in Egyptian Ras Cheese with Special Reference to Aspergillus flavus Aflatoxins
Abd Elhamed, E., El-Bassiony, T., El-Sherif, W., Shaker, E. (2024). Detection of Molds in Egyptian Ras Cheese with Special Reference to Aspergillus flavus Aflatoxins. EKB Journal Management System, 2(2), 1-9. doi: 10.21608/ijcvr.2024.371092
Esraa yousef Abd Elhamed; tawfik El-Bassiony; Walaa El-Sherif; Eman Mokhtar Shaker. "Detection of Molds in Egyptian Ras Cheese with Special Reference to Aspergillus flavus Aflatoxins". EKB Journal Management System, 2, 2, 2024, 1-9. doi: 10.21608/ijcvr.2024.371092
Abd Elhamed, E., El-Bassiony, T., El-Sherif, W., Shaker, E. (2024). 'Detection of Molds in Egyptian Ras Cheese with Special Reference to Aspergillus flavus Aflatoxins', EKB Journal Management System, 2(2), pp. 1-9. doi: 10.21608/ijcvr.2024.371092
Abd Elhamed, E., El-Bassiony, T., El-Sherif, W., Shaker, E. Detection of Molds in Egyptian Ras Cheese with Special Reference to Aspergillus flavus Aflatoxins. EKB Journal Management System, 2024; 2(2): 1-9. doi: 10.21608/ijcvr.2024.371092

Detection of Molds in Egyptian Ras Cheese with Special Reference to Aspergillus flavus Aflatoxins

International Journal of Comprehensive Veterinary Research
Volume 2, Issue 2, December 2024, Page 1-9  XML PDF (688.43 K)
Document Type: Research article
DOI: 10.21608/ijcvr.2024.371092
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Authors
Esraa yousef Abd Elhamed email orcid 1; tawfik El-Bassiony2; Walaa El-Sheriforcid 3; Eman Mokhtar Shakerorcid 4
1Assistant teacher at Department of Food Hygiene (Milk Hygiene), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
2Professor of Food Hygiene (Milk Hygiene), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt
3Nanotechnology research and synthesis unit, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center & Faculty of Health Sciences Technology, New Assiut Technological University, Assiut, Egypt.
4Professor of Food Hygiene (Milk Hygiene), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
Abstract
Ras cheese is the most common hard cheese in Egypt. It is usually produced from raw cow milk and ripened in unhygienic conditions; this may promote the growth of molds. This study was conducted to determine the contaminant molds in different samples of Egyptian Ras cheese and detect the level of fungal toxins as AFM1 and AFB1 in positive Aspergillus flavus samples. A total of 150 Ras cheese samples (recent, medium and old, 50 for each) were collected randomly from different dairy shops and supermarkets, located in Sohag Governorate, Egypt. These samples were examined for total mold counts. The results revealed that the mean total mold count in recent, medium and old Ras cheese samples were 41× 105 ±14× 105, 12× 106 ±1.9× 106 and 48× 106 ±5.9× 106 CFU/g, respectively. All samples were exceeded the permissible limits of total mold counts established by Egyptian standard (ES). Aspergillus was the most predominant genus and represented by eight species namely A. flavus, A. niger, A. fumigatus, A. nidulans, A. brasiliensis, A. ochraceus, A. parasiticus and A. terreus. The incidence of A. flavus samples in recent, medium and old Ras cheese samples were 22, 25 and 37, respectively. All positive A. flavus samples were exceeded the permissible limits of AFB1 established by Egyptian Standard (ES). Also, 58.3 % of positive A. flavus samples were exceeded the permissible limits of AFM1 established by Egyptian Standard. Therefore, Ras cheese should be made from pasteurized milk to avoid mold contamination and their mycotoxins.
Keywords
Mold; Egyptian Ras Cheese (Romy); Aspergillus flavus; Aflatoxin B1; Aflatoxin M1
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