Effects of the N-methyl-D-aspartate hypofunction model of schizophrenia induced by ketamine on neuropil of the hippocampus: A stereological and Transmission Electron Microscopy analysis | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Histology | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 13 August 2024 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejh.2024.297845.2087 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Shahriar Ahmadpour* 1; Mohammad Amin Forqani2; Amir Hossein Najmi2; Maedeh Amir Shahri2; Shayan Zanjanian2; Mahdi Noori2 | ||
| 1Anatomy Department, Medicine Faculty,North Khorasan University of MedicalSciences,Bojnurd.Iran | ||
| 2Anatomy department, medicine school, Bojnurd.Iran | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: The neuropil is a dense network between the neuroglial elements and is involved in many activities, such as cognitive functions. Neuropil involvement has been noticed in neurologic disorders. Schizophrenia is a mental health condition defined by a reduction in cognitive functioning. The hippocampus is the key structure of the limbic system regulates cognitive functions. Aim of the work: was to investigate the possible impacts of schizophrenia on the neuropil in the hippocampus. Material and Methods: Thirty male wistar rats were used in this study. The rats were categorized into three distinct groups (N=10 per group) namely: ketamine, normal saline (1ml, intraperitoneal) (Sham), and control groups. The ketamine group was treated with ketamine (10mg/kg, IP) for seven days. The sham received only Normal saline (1ml, intraperitoneal). After one week the brains were removed and the sections were further processed for histological study. Neuropil surface was measured by stereological method. TEM study was used to study the ultrastructural changes. Results: In contrast to the sham and control groups, there was a notable increase in the surface areas of CA4, CA3, and CA1 in schizophrenia(P=0.006). The number of degenerated neurons in the cornu Ammonis regions showed a remarkable increase (p=0.001). Transmission electron microscopy results revealed a wide range of ultrastructural changes including dark neurons, extracellular space disruption, myelin damage, and mitochondrial degeneration in the schizophrenia group. Conclusion: schizophrenia leads to neuropil expansion in the CA subregions. The neuropil expansion is associated with ultrastructural changes including mitochondrial degeneration, axonal damage, and neuronal degeneration. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Neuropil; Schizophrenia; hippocampus | ||
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