Optimization for Synthesis of Solid Alcohol from Supernatant-Waste Cooking Oil using Box-Behnken Design

Kusuma, Heri Septya; Ramadhan, Muhammad Redo; Sudarni, Dyan Hatining Ayu; Jaya, Debora Engelien Christa; Afifah, Dwi Kurnia; Nasution, Safinah Annajah; Fachri, Deva Meida; Mongilong, Ratu Kalya

doi:10.21608/ejchem.2024.300483.9922

	Optimization for Synthesis of Solid Alcohol from Supernatant-Waste Cooking Oil using Box-Behnken Design
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Volume 68, Issue 4, April 2025, Page 395-404 PDF (694.59 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2024.300483.9922
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Authors
Heri Septya Kusuma ¹; Muhammad Redo Ramadhan ²; Dyan Hatining Ayu Sudarni³; Debora Engelien Christa Jaya²; Dwi Kurnia Afifah²; Safinah Annajah Nasution²; Deva Meida Fachri²; Ratu Kalya Mongilong²
¹Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta, Indonesia
²Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta
³Universitas PGRI Madiun
Abstract
This study investigates the optimization of solid alcohol synthesis from Supernatant-Waste Cooking Oil (S-WCO) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) combined with Box-Behnken Design (BBD). The primary objective was to determine the optimal conditions for maximizing the yield of solid alcohol by systematically varying three key parameters: mass of oil (5, 10, 15 g), NaOH to oil ratio (0.100, 0.175, 0.250 g/g), and heating time (20, 30, 40 minutes). The experimental findings revealed that the yield of solid alcohol ranged from 81.20% to 87.67%, with the highest yield achieved at mass of oil of 11.14 g, NaOH to oil ratio of 0.20 g/g, and heating time of 25.70 minutes. The desirability value for these conditions was calculated to be 0.911, indicating the process's high efficiency. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) substantiated the model's significance, highlighting the critical influence of both linear and quadratic terms, particularly the NaOH to oil ratio and heating time.The results have profound implications for scaling up the process in industrial contexts, offering a promising solution for waste management and alternative energy production. Future research should explore the potential of alternative catalysts and further process optimizations to enhance the economic and environmental benefits of this method.
Keywords
Box-Behnken Design (BBD); Optimization; Response Surface Methodology (RSM); Solid alcohol synthesis; Waste Cooking Oil (WCO)


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