Biofilms: Mechanisms of Formation and Strategies for Control in Clinical Settings | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||||
| Volume 67, Issue 13, December 2024, Page 793-816 PDF (563.26 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Review Articles | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2024.313008.10212 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
| Zahra Mohammed Mohammed Shurayfan1; Sarah Ibrahim Ali Shubayli1; Sabah Mansour Ahmed Maha1; Salihah Ahmed Allaghabi2; Aeshah Mohammed Easa Manaa2; Fatimah Ahmed Ali Hzazi2; Ghadah Abdo Yahya Hamdi2 | ||||
| 1Jazan Regional Laboratory, Jazan, Saudia Arabia | ||||
| 2Jizan General Hospital, Jazan, Saudia Arabia | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Biofilms are structured communities of bacteria that adhere to surfaces and are embedded in an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix. These biofilms are a major concern in medical settings due to their resistance to antibiotics and role in chronic infections. Aim: This study aims to explore the mechanisms behind biofilm resistance and the emerging strategies to combat biofilm-associated infections. Methods: A comprehensive review of current literature was conducted, focusing on the structural and functional aspects of biofilms, including nutrient limitation, stress responses, and the role of persister cells. The review also examined new approaches to prevent and disrupt biofilm formation. Results: The findings indicate that biofilm resistance is multifaceted, involving reduced metabolic activity, the protective role of the EPS matrix, and adaptive responses to stress. Emerging strategies, such as the use of antimicrobial peptides, biosurfactants, and anti-biofilm coatings, show promise in enhancing the efficacy of treatments against biofilm-associated infections. Conclusion: Biofilm-related infections pose significant challenges due to their complex resistance mechanisms. Novel approaches targeting biofilm formation and persistence are crucial for improving treatment outcomes and preventing chronic infections. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Biofilm; antibiotic resistance; persister cells; extracellular polymeric substance; antimicrobial peptides; quorum sensing; biofilm disruption strategies | ||||
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