Impact of Lifestyle Interventions on Heart Disease Prevention-Hypertension and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||||
| Volume 67, Issue 13, December 2024, Page 881-909 PDF (665.73 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Review Articles | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2024.320089.10401 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| Hela Saleh Madullah Alkhulaifi1; Nuha Naif Alshammari* 2; Abdulkarim Hadi Othman Hakami3; Majid Saeid Muhamad Alqarnii4; Khadijah Mohammed Alshehri5; Hala Hathlool Alshammary6; Tariq IDRIS Somily7; Abdullah Bukra Mahnashi7; Salman Eid Sulaiman Albalawi8; Mohammad Hoaded Soalah Al Otabei5; Abeer Hamoud Omar Alshammari1; Ali Rafa M Alqahtani9 | ||||
| 1Ministry of Health / Riyadh Second Health Cluster - Health Promotions Department, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| 2Master of Public Health Nutrition, Eastern Kentucky University | ||||
| 3Ministry Of Health Branch in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| 4Medical Laboratory Technician, Hospital/Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| 5Nurse Technician, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| 6Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| 7Technician Pharmacy, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| 8Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| 9Ministry of Excellence Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Saudi Arabia. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), represents a major health burden globally. ASCVD involves conditions like coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral artery disease, influenced by a range of modifiable risk factors. The American Heart Association's "Life’s Essential 8" guidelines address key metrics for reducing ASCVD risk through lifestyle interventions. Aim: This article aims to review the impact of lifestyle interventions on ASCVD risk and hypertension management, emphasizing dietary patterns, physical activity, and other behavioral modifications. Methods: A comprehensive review was conducted focusing on the influence of lifestyle changes on ASCVD and hypertension. Key metrics from the AHA's "Life’s Essential 8" were evaluated, including dietary habits, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep health, body weight, blood lipids, glucose, and blood pressure. The review synthesizes data from epidemiological studies and guidelines to assess the effectiveness of these interventions. Results: Adhering to the "Life’s Essential 8" guidelines significantly reduces ASCVD risk and improves cardiovascular health. Key findings include the effectiveness of healthy dietary patterns (e.g., Mediterranean or DASH diets), regular physical activity, smoking cessation, adequate sleep, and maintaining optimal body weight and blood pressure. Lifestyle modifications are crucial for managing hypertension and preventing its onset, with evidence supporting their benefits both independently and in conjunction with pharmacological treatments. Conclusion: Lifestyle interventions are essential in mitigating ASCVD and hypertension risks. The "Life’s Essential 8" guidelines provide a structured approach to improving cardiovascular health through modifiable behaviors. Adopting these lifestyle changes offers substantial benefits in reducing ASCVD risk and managing hypertension, highlighting the importance of preventive strategies in cardiovascular care. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Cardiovascular disease; atherosclerosis; lifestyle interventions; hypertension; blood pressure | ||||
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