Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Abdelhaleem, S., Mahmoud, R., Morgan, D., AbdElkareem, R. (2024). Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. EKB Journal Management System, 5(3), 181-195. doi: 10.21608/ejmr.2024.265374.1539
Sahar Salah Abdelhaleem; Randa Hamed Ahmed Mahmoud; Dalia Saber Morgan; Rehab Mohamed AbdElkareem. "Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus". EKB Journal Management System, 5, 3, 2024, 181-195. doi: 10.21608/ejmr.2024.265374.1539
Abdelhaleem, S., Mahmoud, R., Morgan, D., AbdElkareem, R. (2024). 'Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus', EKB Journal Management System, 5(3), pp. 181-195. doi: 10.21608/ejmr.2024.265374.1539
Abdelhaleem, S., Mahmoud, R., Morgan, D., AbdElkareem, R. Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. EKB Journal Management System, 2024; 5(3): 181-195. doi: 10.21608/ejmr.2024.265374.1539

Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Egyptian Journal of Medical Research
Volume 5, Issue 3, July 2024, Pages 181-195    PDF (790.24 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ejmr.2024.265374.1539
Authors
Sahar Salah Abdelhaleem1; Randa Hamed Ahmed Mahmoud* 1; Dalia Saber Morgan2; Rehab Mohamed AbdElkareem3
1Pediatrics department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University
2Pediatrics department faculty of medicine Beni suef university
3Clinical and chemical pathology department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University
Abstract
Background: Because of the rising incidence of type1 diabetes (T1D), it remains a challenge. With time, systemic consequences such as anemia may develop in children with T1D. Anemia in T1D may have a complex, multifactorial background. Aim: we aimed to assess the iron deficiency anemia, correlate it with duration of diabetes mellitus in children with Type 1 DM in a group of Egyptian children. Methods: this case control study included 110 children, fifty-five of them with type 1 diabetes mellitus following up at the outpatient’s pediatric endocrinology clinic, pediatric department, Beni-Suef university hospital and fifty-five healthy control children. All patients underwent complete history taking, full physical examination and investigations including complete blood count, serum ferritin, serum iron, HbA1C, fasting blood sugar and 2-hour postprandial blood sugar. Results: Anemia was significantly more prevalent among type 1 Diabetes than controls (29.1% vs 12.7% respectively). The mean values of Hb, RBC, MCV, MCHC, MCH, serum iron, serum ferritin was significantly lower in diabetic children than controls. A significant difference was found regarding Hb and MCV mean values among children with type 1 diabetes in comparison with duration of diabetes as the lower mean values was among over 6 years diagnosed children.  BMI was significantly lower among anaemic-diabetic children with serum ferritin ≤20 than non anaemic children with serum ferritin >20. HBA1c mean values was significantly higher among anaemic diabetic children (whose ferritin ≤20) than those non anaemic diabetic children (whose ferritin >20). There was a moderate negative correlation between HB and HBA1c.  Conclusion and recommendations: In conclusion, our study demonstrated that anemia especially iron deficiency anemia is prevalent among children with type 1 diabetes with association with longer disease duration, poor control of diabetes and lower BMI. So, we recommend routine screening of children with type I DM, strict control of diabetes, and nutritional counseling of those children.
Keywords
Anemia; Type 1 diabetes mellitus; ferritin; HbA1c
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