Changes in T Lymphocyte Subsets Following COVID-19 Infection and Vaccination
Attia Hammad, W., El-Antouny, N., Abd El Khalik, H., Abdullah, R., Abdulsaboor, A. (2025). Changes in T Lymphocyte Subsets Following COVID-19 Infection and Vaccination. EKB Journal Management System, 31(3), 1218-1223. doi: 10.21608/zumj.2024.333149.3673
Walid Attia Hammad; Neveen George El-Antouny; Heba Shafeak Abd El Khalik; Rania Abdullah; Ahmed Abdulsaboor. "Changes in T Lymphocyte Subsets Following COVID-19 Infection and Vaccination". EKB Journal Management System, 31, 3, 2025, 1218-1223. doi: 10.21608/zumj.2024.333149.3673
Attia Hammad, W., El-Antouny, N., Abd El Khalik, H., Abdullah, R., Abdulsaboor, A. (2025). 'Changes in T Lymphocyte Subsets Following COVID-19 Infection and Vaccination', EKB Journal Management System, 31(3), pp. 1218-1223. doi: 10.21608/zumj.2024.333149.3673
Attia Hammad, W., El-Antouny, N., Abd El Khalik, H., Abdullah, R., Abdulsaboor, A. Changes in T Lymphocyte Subsets Following COVID-19 Infection and Vaccination. EKB Journal Management System, 2025; 31(3): 1218-1223. doi: 10.21608/zumj.2024.333149.3673

Changes in T Lymphocyte Subsets Following COVID-19 Infection and Vaccination

Zagazig University Medical Journal
Article 23, Volume 31, Issue 3, March 2025, Page 1218-1223  XML PDF (867.76 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/zumj.2024.333149.3673
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Authors
Walid Attia Hammad1; Neveen George El-Antouny2; Heba Shafeak Abd El Khalik1; Rania Abdullahorcid 3; Ahmed Abdulsaboor email orcid 4
1Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
2Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University
3Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
4Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Abstract
ABSTRACT

Background: Several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been developed, and understanding their impact on immune system is of paramount importance. This study aimed to investigate changes in T Lymphocyte subsets following Covid-19 vaccination vs in covid-19 patients.



Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 82 individuals divided into two equal groups of covid patients and healthy recipients of covid vaccines. Patients were subjected to detailed history taking, clinical examination, routine lab and measurement of CD-4 cells, CD-8 cells.





Results: TLC, D. dimer, ferritin, CRP, ESR, LDH, and IL-6 were significantly higher among infected group compared to vaccinated group. Total lymphocytes counts, and CD4+ and CD8+ subsets of T cells were significantly lower among infected group compared to vaccinated group (p<0.001).



Conclusions: Lymphocyte subsets changes is different in covid patients compared to post-vaccination, indicating different mechanisms of alteration. Lymphocyte counts could be monitored in COVID-19 patients to guide proper healthcare and vaccination programs.
Keywords
Covid-19; Vaccination; Lymphocyte; CD4+; CD8+
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