Brain Drug Delivery- An Updated Review Article for Mechanism and Recent Technologies

ALOTAIBI, TALAL MOHAMMAD; Alshehri, Osama Mohammed; ALHARBY, ABDULRAHMAN MUTLAQ HALYL; ALANAZI, KHALED ALHAMAIDI; ALANAZI, ANWAR SABR; Alshahrany, Kholod Dafer Mohammad; Hamdi, Ismail Hassan; Kuriri, Yahia Hadi; Aldobiy, Abdullah Dawood; Alotaibi, Fahad Safar Obaid; Alsultan, Reem Ibrahim; Alghamdi, Khalid Ahmed; Alsultan, Rana Ibrahim; Alashjaee, Ayed Khalid Nazil; Alammari, Ali Awadh

doi:10.21608/ejchem.2024.332969.10716

	Brain Drug Delivery- An Updated Review Article for Mechanism and Recent Technologies
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Volume 67, Issue 13, December 2024, Page 1149-1166 PDF (364.29 K)
Document Type: Review Articles
DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2024.332969.10716
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Authors
TALAL MOHAMMAD ALOTAIBI ¹; Osama Mohammed Alshehri²; ABDULRAHMAN MUTLAQ HALYL ALHARBY³; KHALED ALHAMAIDI ALANAZI⁴; ANWAR SABR ALANAZI⁵; Kholod Dafer Mohammad Alshahrany⁶; Ismail Hassan Hamdi⁷; Yahia Hadi Kuriri⁸; Abdullah Dawood Aldobiy⁹; Fahad Safar Obaid Alotaibi¹⁰; Reem Ibrahim Alsultan¹¹; Khalid Ahmed Alghamdi¹²; Rana Ibrahim Alsultan¹³; Ayed Khalid Nazil Alashjaee¹⁴; Ali Awadh Alammari¹⁵
¹‎ tmsba-1986@hotmail.com
²Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Ministry of Defense, Saudi Arabia
³NEFE GENERAL HOSPITAL
⁴Medical administrations PSS.
⁵Hafar Al-Batin Mental Health Hospital
⁶ALBATNA PHC
⁷Altuwal General Hospital
⁸Jazan Health Cluster
⁹Al Muzahimiyah General Hospital
¹⁰The third settlement is the year's hospital
¹¹Work: Riyadh first cluster
¹²Namerah general hospital
¹³Riyadh first cluster
¹⁴‎ al quwayiyah general hospital
¹⁵Thuriban General Hospital
Abstract
Background: Effective brain drug delivery remains a significant challenge due to the restrictive nature of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This review article examines the mechanisms and recent advancements in brain drug delivery systems, addressing the challenges and factors influencing successful therapeutic interventions. Objective: To provide a comprehensive overview of current technologies and strategies for enhancing drug delivery to the brain, with a focus on nasal-to-brain delivery systems. Methods: We analyzed recent literature on various drug delivery systems, including nanoparticle-based formulations, liposomal technologies, and chemical permeation enhancers. We also evaluated the impact of factors such as drug properties, formulation characteristics, and physiological conditions on delivery efficacy. Results: Advances in drug delivery systems have demonstrated significant progress in overcoming the BBB. Nanoparticle-based systems and liposomal formulations have shown enhanced permeability and targeted delivery capabilities. The nasal-to-brain route has emerged as a promising non-invasive strategy, utilizing the olfactory and trigeminal nerve pathways to facilitate direct access to the central nervous system. Formulations utilizing mucoadhesive polymers have improved drug solubility, stability, and residence time in the nasal cavity, leading to increased therapeutic effectiveness. Conclusion: Understanding the mechanisms influencing brain drug delivery is crucial for developing effective treatments for neurological disorders. This review highlights the critical advancements in delivery systems, emphasizing the need for ongoing research to optimize strategies that enhance drug penetration across the BBB. Future studies should focus on refining these technologies to improve patient outcomes and address the growing burden of central nervous system diseases
Keywords
brain drug delivery; blood-brain barrier (BBB); nanoparticles; therapeutic efficacy; mucoadhesive polymers; neurological disorders


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