استعمال الحق في الفقه الإسلامي والقانون- دراسة فقهية مقارنة The Use of the Right in Islamic Jurisprudence and Law - A Comparative Jurisprudential Study | ||
| الدراية | ||
| Volume 23, Issue 25, October 2024, Pages 153-188 PDF (813.69 K) | ||
| Document Type: المقالة الأصلية | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/drya.2024.394577 | ||
| Author | ||
| يوسف محمد البرير يوسف* | ||
| الفقه المقارن، قسم الدراسات الاسلامية ، كلية الشريعة والدراسات الاسلامية ، جامعة الملك فيصل – السعودية | ||
| Abstract | ||
| تهدف دراسة " استعمال الحق في الفقه الإسلامي والقانون- دراسة فقهية مقارنة" إلى التعرف على طبيعة استعمال الحق المشروع وغير المشروع في الفقه الإسلامي والقانوني، وتأتي أهمية البحث من إفادة الباحثين والحقوقيين في التعرف على أبعاد استعمال الحق من جانبيه الفقهي والقانوني وما يرتبط به من ضوابط، لابد من اتباعها حتى لا يتحول استعمال الحق للفرد من كونه مشروعاً إلى غير مشروع. ووفقاً لطبيعة الدراسة وأهدافها، فقد اعتمدت المنهجي الاستقرائي لجزئياته خاصة وأما جزئيات متنوعة المورد بين الفقه والأصول والمقاصد والقانون، ولكن بما يحتمله هذا البحث ودون توسع، ثم المنهج التحليلي لتحليل النصوص الشرعية والقانونية التي تمس المفاهيم المرتبطة باستعمال الحق، وقد أشارت النتائج إلى أن الأصل أن يَستعمِل صاحب الحق حقه على الوجه المشروع الذي أَذن به الشارع وأراده عند تشريعه للحقوق، ومنَحها لأصحابها، وهو استعمال هذه الحقوق على وجه مشروع، وبالأسلوب الذي يَرتضيه الشارع، ولكن البعض من أصحاب الحقوق، قد يَنحرِف عن الطريق السوي والهدف الذي ابتغاه الشارع، فيستعمل حقَّه استعمالاً غير مشروع، ويرى الفقهاء أن استعمال الحق بقصد تحقيق مصلحة غير مشروعة، يعتبر تعسفاً في استعمال الحق، لا يجوز، لأنه تحيل على المصالح التي بنيّت عليها ٕ الشريعة، وقد أوصت الدراسة بتشجيع الدراسات والأبحاث المشتركة بين الفقهاء والقانونيين لتعميق الفهم المتبادل بين الفقه الإسلامي والقوانين الوضعية فيما يتعلق باستعمال الحق وضوابطه، تشجيع الباحثين على إجراء المزيد من الدراسات المقارنة بين الفقه الإسلامي والقوانين الوضعية حول موضوع استعمال الحق. Abstract Aimed to identify the nature of the use of the legitimate and illegitimate right in Islamic and legal jurisprudence. The importance of the research comes from benefiting researchers and jurists in identifying the dimensions of the use of the right from its jurisprudential and legal aspects and what is related to it. Controls must be followed so that the individual’s use of the right does not change from being legitimate to being illegitimate. In accordance with the nature of the study and its objectives, I adopted the inductive methodology for its parts, especially as for the various parts of the resource between jurisprudence, principles, objectives, and law, but with what this research bears and without expansion, then the analytical method to analyze the legal and legal texts that touch on the concepts related to the use of the right. The results indicated that the principle is that The right holder uses his right in the legitimate manner that the Lawgiver authorized and intended when he legislated rights and granted them to their owners, which is to use these rights in a lawful manner, and in the manner that the Lawgiver approves of. However, some of the rights holders may deviate from the proper path and the goal sought by the Lawgiver, and so use their right. Illicit use, and jurists believe that using a right with the intention of achieving an illegitimate interest is considered an abuse of the right, and is not permissible, because it deviates from the interests on which Sharia was built. The study recommended encouraging joint studies and research between jurists and jurists to deepen mutual understanding between Islamic jurisprudence. And positive laws regarding the use of the right and its controls, encouraging researchers to conduct more comparative studies between Islamic jurisprudence and positive laws on the subject of the use of the right. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| استعمال الحق; الفقه الإسلامي والقانون; دراسة فقهية مقارنة. The use of the right - Islamic jurisprudence and law – A comparative jurisprudential study | ||
| References | ||
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مصادر ومراجع الدراسة
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