Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a Non-Invasive Tool for Cancer Prognostication and Monitoring.
Makki, A., ALGHAMDI, M., alasmari, A., Almalki, R., Alotaibi, Y., alanazy, M., Abusaidah, F., AlDhafeeri, B., Baamer, Z., Sarhan, K., HURUBI, A., almarhoon, F., Alnass, S., alosaif, A., almadan, F. (2024). Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a Non-Invasive Tool for Cancer Prognostication and Monitoring.. EKB Journal Management System, 67(13), 1575-1583. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2024.338408.10853
Ahmad Mohammed Makki; MARIAM ABDULLAH ALGHAMDI; abdulkhalq abdullah alasmari; Rami Ahmad Almalki; Yahya Saad Alotaibi; maali jomah alanazy; Faisal Rashed Mohammed Abusaidah; Badreah Salman AlDhafeeri; Zohour Abduqader Baamer; Khdigah Mansour Sarhan; AHMED JABER HURUBI; Fatimah Ali almarhoon; Saleh Mahdi Alnass; Ali abdrabalrassol alosaif; Fatimah ali almadan. "Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a Non-Invasive Tool for Cancer Prognostication and Monitoring.". EKB Journal Management System, 67, 13, 2024, 1575-1583. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2024.338408.10853
Makki, A., ALGHAMDI, M., alasmari, A., Almalki, R., Alotaibi, Y., alanazy, M., Abusaidah, F., AlDhafeeri, B., Baamer, Z., Sarhan, K., HURUBI, A., almarhoon, F., Alnass, S., alosaif, A., almadan, F. (2024). 'Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a Non-Invasive Tool for Cancer Prognostication and Monitoring.', EKB Journal Management System, 67(13), pp. 1575-1583. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2024.338408.10853
Makki, A., ALGHAMDI, M., alasmari, A., Almalki, R., Alotaibi, Y., alanazy, M., Abusaidah, F., AlDhafeeri, B., Baamer, Z., Sarhan, K., HURUBI, A., almarhoon, F., Alnass, S., alosaif, A., almadan, F. Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a Non-Invasive Tool for Cancer Prognostication and Monitoring.. EKB Journal Management System, 2024; 67(13): 1575-1583. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2024.338408.10853

Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a Non-Invasive Tool for Cancer Prognostication and Monitoring.

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Volume 67, Issue 13, December 2024, Pages 1575-1583    PDF (406.72 K)
Document Type: Review Articles
DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2024.338408.10853
Authors
Ahmad Mohammed Makki* 1; MARIAM ABDULLAH ALGHAMDI2; abdulkhalq abdullah alasmari3; Rami Ahmad Almalki4; Yahya Saad Alotaibi5; maali jomah alanazy6; Faisal Rashed Mohammed Abusaidah7; Badreah Salman AlDhafeeri8; Zohour Abduqader Baamer9; Khdigah Mansour Sarhan9; AHMED JABER HURUBI10; Fatimah Ali almarhoon11; Saleh Mahdi Alnass12; Ali abdrabalrassol alosaif13; Fatimah ali almadan14
1Ksa, Ministry of Health, Riyadh Forensic Services CenterMedicine
2Ksa, Ministry of Health, DIRIYAH HOSPITAL
3Ksa, Ministry of Health, mohayel Genenral hospital
4Ksa, Ministry of Health, Al Quwayiyah Hospital
5Ksa, Ministry of Health, Dawadmi Hospital
6Ksa, Ministry of Health, Sharg almohamadih center care
7Ksa, Ministry of Health, Jizan Specialist Hospital
8Ksa, Ministry of Health, PHC ALBALDIYA Hafar AlBatin
9Ksa, Ministry of Health, Bahra PHC
10Ksa, Ministry of Health, CENTRAL BLOOD BANK JIZAN
11Ksa, Ministry of Health, Ras tanura general hospital
12Ksa, Ministry of Health, Ras tanoura general hospital
13Ksa, Ministry of Health, Prince Mohammed bin Fahd hospital
14Ksa, Ministry of Health, Safwa General Hospital
Abstract
Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), a subset of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), holds promise as a non-invasive biomarker for cancer prognostication and monitoring. Despite advances in cancer screening, early detection remains a challenge.

Aim: This study systematically evaluates ctDNA’s utility in early cancer detection, its integration into current diagnostic practices, and its potential to replace traditional invasive techniques.

Methods: A systematic review of 166 articles resulted in 12 high-quality studies meeting inclusion criteria, comprising case-control studies, cross-sectional research, and reviews. These studies were analyzed for ctDNA’s sensitivity, specificity, and prognostic applications in diverse cancer types.

Results: ctDNA exhibits sensitivity ranging from 69% to 98% and specificity exceeding 99%. Methods like TEC-Seq and CancerSEEK demonstrated significant promise, detecting cancer at early stages and localizing tumor origins with high accuracy. Positive ctDNA detection correlated with poorer overall survival and progression-free survival, underscoring its prognostic relevance. However, its sensitivity in detecting tumors smaller than 1 cm remains limited. Factors such as sample handling, individual variability, and tumor-specific genetic profiles influence ctDNA’s diagnostic efficacy.

Conclusion: ctDNA offers a transformative approach to cancer management by enabling real-time tumor monitoring and early detection through non-invasive means. Although promising, challenges in sensitivity, standardization, and clinical adoption must be addressed to realize its full potential as a routine diagnostic tool.
Keywords
circulating tumor DNA; non-invasive biomarker; cancer detection; TEC-Seq; CancerSEEK; tumor prognosis
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