Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from patients in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

MBUNDU LUKUKULA, Cyprien; Vihembo, Grégoire Mbusa; Tshimpangila, Junior Disashi; Angho, Jean-Robert Tundru; Bouchahrouf, Warda; Hoebeke, Martin; Berhin, Cathérine; Bogaerts, Pierre; Huang, Te-Din; Denis, Olivier; Wambale, José Mulwahali; Takaisi-Kikuni, N-B.; LIESSE-IYAMBA, Jean-Marie

doi:10.21608/mid.2024.329996.2301

	Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from patients in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
Microbes and Infectious Diseases
Volume 6, Issue 3, August 2025, Page 4058-4069 PDF (1.13 MB)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/mid.2024.329996.2301
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Authors
Cyprien MBUNDU LUKUKULA¹; Grégoire Mbusa Vihembo¹; Junior Disashi Tshimpangila¹; Jean-Robert Tundru Angho¹; Warda Bouchahrouf²; Martin Hoebeke²; Cathérine Berhin²; Pierre Bogaerts²; Te-Din Huang²; Olivier Denis²^{, 3}; José Mulwahali Wambale¹; N-B. Takaisi-Kikuni¹; Jean-Marie LIESSE-IYAMBA ¹^{, 4}
¹University Reference Center of Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (URC-AMRS), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
²National Reference Center for Antimicrobial Resistance in Gram negative bacilli, CHU UCL NAMUR – Yvoir, Belgium
³Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles- ULB, Brussels, Belgium
⁴Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
Abstract
Background: The emergence and worldwide circulation of strains of beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales represent a major public health problem. The aim of this study was the characterization of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant strains isolated in Kinshasa hospitals. Methods: Urine samples were collected from hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients. Bacteria were identified by using conventional biochemical tests and MALDI-TOF. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method. ESBL and carbapenemase phenotypes were screened using standard microbiological tests. ESBL-encoding genes were tested by multiplex end-point PCR assays and carbapenemase enzymes were identified by immunochromatography assay. Results: Out of 286 urines, 200 (69.9%) Gram negative bacteria were isolated, among them 70 (35.0 %) E. coli and 23 (11.5%) K. pneumoniae. ESBL were identified in 62.9 % (44/70) and in 52.2% (12/23) of E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains respectively. The rate of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales was 60.2% (56/93). Among ESBL producers, the bla_CTX-M1 gene was identified in 88.6 % (39/44) isolates of E. coli and in 100% (12/12) isolates of K. pneumoniae. The bla-gene bla_CTX-M-1 was identified in 91.2% (51/56) of all ESBL producers strains. Only 3.2% (3/93) of Enterobacterales strains produced the NDM enzyme. The Other genes encoding beta-lactamase were bla_TEM (64.3 %), bla_OXA-1/-30 (58.9 %), and bla_SHV (39.3%). Conclusion: A high rate of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales was observed. The results of the study report the first description of metallo-β-lactamase NDM producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains from patients in Democratic Republic of Congo.
Keywords
Enterobacterales; Antibiotic resistance genes; ESBL; Carbapenemase


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