Combatting antimicrobial resistance: Mechanisms, emerging therapies, and future directions
Abdelshafey, H., Abdalla, M., Eltayeb, E., Mohmmed, R., Younis, A., Musa, Y., Shekedrees, E., Madani, I., Eltayeb, O., El-Maradny, Y. (2024). Combatting antimicrobial resistance: Mechanisms, emerging therapies, and future directions. EKB Journal Management System, 9(2), 96-114. doi: 10.21608/mb.2024.400342
Hebetullah ELsayed Abdelshafey; Mozan Ali Abdalla; Enas Ezzeldein Eltayeb; Rafa Omer Mohmmed; Alaa Abdelwahab Younis; Yusra Ahmed Musa Ahmed Musa; Ebaa Iyad Shekedrees; Israa Abdalgader Madani; Omnia Abdullah Eltayeb; Yousra A. El-Maradny. "Combatting antimicrobial resistance: Mechanisms, emerging therapies, and future directions". EKB Journal Management System, 9, 2, 2024, 96-114. doi: 10.21608/mb.2024.400342
Abdelshafey, H., Abdalla, M., Eltayeb, E., Mohmmed, R., Younis, A., Musa, Y., Shekedrees, E., Madani, I., Eltayeb, O., El-Maradny, Y. (2024). 'Combatting antimicrobial resistance: Mechanisms, emerging therapies, and future directions', EKB Journal Management System, 9(2), pp. 96-114. doi: 10.21608/mb.2024.400342
Abdelshafey, H., Abdalla, M., Eltayeb, E., Mohmmed, R., Younis, A., Musa, Y., Shekedrees, E., Madani, I., Eltayeb, O., El-Maradny, Y. Combatting antimicrobial resistance: Mechanisms, emerging therapies, and future directions. EKB Journal Management System, 2024; 9(2): 96-114. doi: 10.21608/mb.2024.400342

Combatting antimicrobial resistance: Mechanisms, emerging therapies, and future directions

Microbial Biosystems
Reviewers, Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2024, Pages 96-114    PDF (1.05 M)
DOI: 10.21608/mb.2024.400342
Authors
Hebetullah ELsayed Abdelshafey1; Mozan Ali Abdalla1, 2; Enas Ezzeldein Eltayeb1, 2; Rafa Omer Mohmmed1, 2; Alaa Abdelwahab Younis1, 2; Yusra Ahmed Musa Ahmed Musa1, 2; Ebaa Iyad Shekedrees1, 2; Israa Abdalgader Madani1, 2; Omnia Abdullah Eltayeb1, 2; Yousra A. El-Maradny* 1, 3
1Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT), El Alamein 51718, Egypt.
2School of Pharmacy., Ahfad University for women (AUW), Khartoum , Sudan.
3Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Center, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt.
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance, or AMR, is one of the major health challenges across the globe because of reduced effectiveness against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This situation arises when there is significant interference with the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents-antibiotics, antifungals, and antivirals-that are considered essential for treatment. Antimicrobials act selectively against specific targets and metabolic processes of microorganisms. However, pathogens continuously evolve resistance mechanisms and complicate treatment efforts. The modes of action and the mechanisms of resistance are discussed, from the point of view of bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens, with an overview of emerging therapeutic approaches, such as bacteriophage therapy and plant-derived antimicrobials. Understanding resistance modes is vital to fully harness existing antimicrobials, construct new synthetic agents, and promote responsible antimicrobial stewardship. It will showcase the existing knowledge and identify the gaps in research, therefore providing insight to guide future efforts in addressing AMR.
Keywords
Antimicrobial resistance; bacteriophage; herbal medicine; mechanism of action; one health; sustainable development goals
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