Prevalence of Colistin resistance among difficult-to-treat Gram-negative nosocomial pathogens: An emerging clinical challenge | ||||
| Microbial Biosystems | ||||
| Article 16, Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2024, Page 166-178 PDF (497.99 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/mb.2024.306423.1129 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Nermine Mohammad Aboelnasr1, 2; Mohammed Abu-Elghait  3; Hassan Gebreel1; HebatAllah I. Youssef1
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| 1Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. | ||||
| 2Basic Medical Sciences Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt. | ||||
| 3Department of Botany and Microbiology Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Colistin, often referred to as a "salvation drug," is critical for treating severe infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDRGNB), is experiencing an alarming increase in resistance worldwide. This study aims to elucidate the prevalence of colistin resistance across various drug-resistant phenotypes, specifically Usual drug Resistant (UDR) and Difficult-to-Treat (DTR), as well as among different antibiotic-class resistant categories, including Carbapenem-resistant (CR), Fluoroquinolone-resistant (FQR), and Extended-spectrum Cephalosporin-resistant (ECR) pathogens. Conducted across multiple healthcare settings in Egypt, we employed Vitek 2 for isolate identification and selective media for screening colistin resistance. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of colistin was determined using broth microdilution (BMD), and PCR assays were conducted to detect plasmid-mediated mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes. Among 150 isolates, a concerning 78% demonstrated resistance to colistin, with significant occurrences in urinary tract infections (33%), respiratory tract infections (32%), and bloodstream infections (19%). The predominant colistin-resistant organisms identified included Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Importantly, none of the isolates harbored the mcr-1 gene, and only one E. coli isolate harbored the mcr-2 gene. This research underscores the urgent need for enhanced surveillance and targeted therapeutic strategies, revealing the escalating incidence of colistin resistance among diverse drug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens, which presents a formidable challenge to effective clinical management. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Antimicrobial resistance; human health; mcr genes; multi-drug resistant; sustainable development goals | ||||
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