Intranasal versus intradermal immunoprotective effect of maltodextrin nanoparticles loaded with SAG1 against toxoplasmosis in murine model

Abdel-Wahab, Ayman; Shafey, Dalia; Sharaf, Soraya; Mohsen, Khloud; Allam, Dina; Elkhadry, Sally; Gouda, Marwa

doi:10.21608/puj.2024.310600.1260

	Intranasal versus intradermal immunoprotective effect of maltodextrin nanoparticles loaded with SAG1 against toxoplasmosis in murine model
Parasitologists United Journal
Article 6, Volume 17, Issue 3, December 2024, Page 189-195 PDF (674.84 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/puj.2024.310600.1260
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Authors
Ayman Abdel-Wahab¹; Dalia Shafey²; Soraya Sharaf²; Khloud Mohsen²; Dina Allam³; Sally Elkhadry ⁴; Marwa Gouda ⁵
¹Departments of Clinical and Molecular Parasitology , National Liver Institute University , Menoufia, Egypt
²Departments of Clinical and Molecular Parasitology,National Liver Institute ,Menoufi University, Menoufia, Egypt
³Departments of Pathology Faculty of Medicine , Menoufia, Egypt
⁴Departments of Medicine , National Liver Institute , Menoufi University , Menoufia, Egypt
⁵Departments of Clinical and Molecular Parasitology , National Liver Institute , Menoufia University , Menoufia, Egypt
Abstract
Background: Until now, there is no available efficient vaccine against toxoplasmosis, and the current medications have adverse side effects. Therefore, the search for prophylactic strategies against toxoplasmosis is mandatory. Objective: To evaluate the immunoprotection potential activity of the immunogenic T. gondii surface antigen 1 (SAG1) combined with maltodextrin nanoparticles (MNPs) against toxoplasmosis. A secondary objective is to assess the most efficient route of administration, intranasal (IN) or intradermal (ID). Material and Methods: This study was carried out on 50 Swiss albino mice that were equally divided into 5 groups: negative and positive controls, ID immunized with SAG1, IN immunized with SAG1-loaded MNPs, and ID immunized with SAG1-loaded MNPs. Brain cyst counting, histopathological examination, and measurement of immunoglobulins G, and A, and interleukins 10, and 12 levels were used to assess the immunoprotective effects SAG1-loaded MNPs. Results: The efficacy of immunization with SAG1 was enhanced after loading it on MNPs with significant reduction rate of brain cyst count: 89.76% in the ID immunized group, and 77.46% in the IN immunized group. Moreover, SAG1-loaded MNPs IN immunized group showed the least pathological changes and the highest levels of anti-T. gondii IgG with the highest levels of cytokines (IL-10 and IL-12). Conclusion: Maltodextrin NPs are a promising effective delivery tool for SAG1. Since IN route is a needlefree method of administration, it is preferred than ID route.
Keywords
cytokines; immune response; maltodextrin; NPs; SAG1; toxoplasmosis; vaccination


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