The Role of International Organizations and Bodies in Settling the States International Environmental Disputes / دور المنظمات والهيئات الدولية في تسوية المنازعات البيئية الدولية بين الدول

1. Among the international environmental agreements that stipulate the reliance on international organizations as a mechanism for settling the international environmental disputes: the Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982 adopting the mechanisms provided for in Article 33 of the Charter of the United Nations, which international organizations are among them, also stipulated the Helsinki Convention for the Protection of the Baltic Sea for the year on the possibility for an international organization to play the role of mediator if the parties jointly request it, provided that the dispute is not settled by way of negotiations, and it was not possible to reach an agreement, also Article 26 of the Helsinki Convention for the Protection of the Baltic Sea for the year 1992.
2. FAWZI ISMAIL ISSA - “Environmental Pollutants and Their Side Effects,” Dar Al-Kutub AlAlamia, without a printed city, 2018. p. 30.
3. FAWZI ISMAIL ISSA - “Environmental Pollutants and Their Side Effects,” Dar Al-Kutub AlAlamia, without a printed city, 2018. p. 30.
4. FAWZI ISMAIL ISSA - “Environmental Pollutants and Their Side Effects,” Dar Al-Kutub AlAlamia, without a printed city, 2018. p. 30.
5. ABDELAZIZ MEKHAIMAR, The Role of the International Organizations in Protecting the Environment, Dar Elnahda Elarabia, Cairo, 1986, P. 75.
6. ABDELAZIZ MEKHAIMAR, The Role of the International Organizations in Protecting the Environment, Dar Elnahda Elarabia, Cairo, 1986, P. 75.
7. BASHIR JUMA ABD AL-JABBAR AL-KUBAISI, previous reference, p. 135.
8. FAWZI ISMAIL ISSA - “the previous reference. p. 30.
9. KHALIL HUSSEIN, previous reference, p. 558-559, and for more details, see also: Dr. ABDULAZIZ AL-ASHAWI, Dr. ALI ABU HANI, previous reference, p. 86 et seq., also Chapter Six of the Charter of the United Nations.
10. MAMOUN AL-MANAN, International Organization Role, p. 182. The charter of an international organization is defined as the multilateral international treaty that plays the role of the legal basis for the emergence and formation of the international organization, and it usually contains objectives and the principles of the organization; it defines its main and subsidiary authorities, the voting system, and decision-making; and it includes a variation of its foreign affairs activities and all the other details of it. So the charter is an agreement that contains an explicit official expression issued.
11. MAMOUN ELMANAN, the principles of the public international law, the general theory, and the laws of charters and international organizations, Dar Alkottob Alkanonyia, Dar Shatat for Publishing and Programming, Egypt, 2010 P. 213.
12. MAMOUN ELMANAN, the principles of the public international law, the general theory, and the laws of charters and international organizations, Dar Alkottob Alkanonyia, Dar Shatat for Publishing and Programming, Egypt, 2010 P. 213.
13. MAMOUN ELMANAN, the principles of the public international law, the general theory, and the laws of charters and international organizations, Dar Alkottob Alkanonyia, Dar Shatat for Publishing and Programming, Egypt, 2010 P. 213
14. MOHSEN A FIKRIN, The International Environmental Law, P. 414
15. OMAR SAAD ALLAH, the intenational law for solving disputes, P. 105, and it should be noted that with the developments taking place in international society, the objectives of these organizations have evolved into other issues such as scientific, technological, humanitarian, and environmental issues.
16. OMAR SAAD ALLAH, The International Law for Solving Disputes, P. 81.
17. OMAR SAAD ALLAH, The International Law for Solving Disputes, P. 81.
18. RIYAD SALEH ABU AL-ATA, Environmental Protection in Light of International Law, p. 66.
19. RIYADH ABOELATTA, The Role of Public International Law in Protecting the Environment, P. 156
20. RIYADH ABOELATTA, the role of the public international law in protecting the environment, P. 156
21. SAMEH ABD AL-QAWI AL-SAYYID, International Environmental Disputes, p. 14.
22. SAMEH ABD AL-QAWI AL-SAYYID, International Environmental Disputes, p. 14.
23. ERBHI KOUIDER, International Environmental Jurisdiction, PhD thesis, Faculty of Law, University of Telmisan, 2016, p. 71.
24. For more information about this agency, see Dr. Suhair A. A. Rahim Hajim Al-Hiti, The International Responsibility for Environmental Damage, Dar Raslan Foundation for Printing, Publishing, and Distribution, Damascus, Syria, 2016, p. 118-119. Dr. BASHIR JUMA ABD AL-JABBAR ALKUBAISI, international environmental disputes, p. 136.
25. Global trade in the commercial field will not prevent it from standing one day in front of the inevitability of preserving the environment for the sake of continuing to achieve the commercial interests of its members. The second issue relates to acknowledging the success of the dispute settlement body of the World Trade Organization and its effectiveness, due to the obligation of this mechanism that is supervised by the member states of the organization, as well as the full
26. https://www.presidency.eg/ar/ data entry 10/7/2023
27. https://www.presidency.eg/ar/ data entry 10/7/2023
28. https://www.presidency.eg/ar/. data entry 10/7/2023
29. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development: It is the successor organization to the Organization for European Economic Cooperation (O.E.C.E.), which includes all the major industrial powers in the world; see Dr. MOHSEN AFKERIN, The International Law of the Environment, p. 422.
30. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development: It is the successor organization to the Organization for European Economic Cooperation (O.E.C.E.), which includes all the major industrial powers in the world; see Dr. MOHSEN AFKERIN, The International Law of the Environment, p. 422.
31. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development: It is the successor organization to the Organization for European Economic Cooperation (O.E.C.E.), which includes all the major industrial powers in the world; see Dr. MOHSEN AFKERIN, The International Law of the Environment, p. 422.
32. Regarding this accident, revise Dr. MOHAMED ADEL ASKR, the previous reference, margin P. 922-224, and also Dr. ABDELSALAM MANSOUR ELSHEWY, the previous reference, P. 196-206. Aussi: VINCENT, Droit de la Mer, Larcier, Bruxelles, 2008, p. 18 Philippe.
33. Regarding this case, the failure of the affected country to file diplomatic claims against the Soviet Union was recorded to compensate for the damages resulting from the case, given the lack of
34. See ANAS ZUHAIR MAAROUF: (The Seveso Disaster... The Disaster That Launched the European Seveso Directive), June 2016, available on the Arabic chemistry website:

https://arabianchemistry.com/%D9%83% Date of entry: 02/5/2023.

35. See the guide of the international organizations on the site: https://www.mandint.org/ar/guide-IO , the access date is 18/5/2023.
36. The Maritime Consultative Organization for Governments (OMCI) it is an international organization, established in 1948, under the name of the advisory International Maritime Organization, headquartered in London, among its objectives: work to improve safety in seas, combating marine pollution, establishing a system to compensate people who suffer financial losses due to Marine Pollution See Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ access date is 18/5/2023.
37. The settlement of disputes by the United Nations is through some of its authorities: - The Security Council - The General Assembly.
38. The tenth principle of the Rio Declaration of 1992 enshrined some environmental rights, such as the right to obtain environmental information the right to address environmental issues and to make decisions in the environmental field at the national level, of course, as it also enshrined it the agreement of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe as this (UNECE) is concerned with and which is known as the "Aarhus Agreement", The Convention provides opportunities for access to information, public participation in decision-making regarding it, and resorting to the courts in the environmental issues. The agreement aims to expand public participation in matters related to the environment, and thus make it provided the opportunity to better and more effectively participate in preserving and protecting the environment. This agreement has been approved in 06/25/1998 in Aarhus, Denmark, and entered into force on October 30, 2001. Available for viewing on the website:

https://www.informea.org/ar/treaties/aarhus/text,

 Access date is 03/5/2023.