Development and evaluation of a feather removal machine made locally to suit Egyptian conditions | ||||
| Al-Azhar Journal of Agricultural Engineering | ||||
| Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2025 | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/azeng.2024.325473.1021 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
M. A. M. Abd-Elhameed  1; R. A. Werpy2; M. M. Badr3
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| 1PhD student at Department of Agricultural Machinery and Power Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. | ||||
| 2Department of Agricultural Machinery and Power Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. | ||||
| 3Department of Agricultural Products Process Engineering., Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| The continuous increase in human population needs an increase in food production to cover their nutritional requirements. In Egypt, the poultry industry has experienced rapid growth in both production and consumption from 1980 up to now, and the commercial production of broilers for meat increased by 100%. Over 1200 million chickens produce about 1500 million tons of meat each year (i.e., equal to 87%) from total consumption and import 150 million chickens (i.e., equal to 13%) from the total consumption. The value of poultry production reached about 99.3 billion pounds, representing 37.3% of animal production and 13.4% of agricultural production in 2017-2021(Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, 2021). The responsibility of the poultry processing industry, especially in de-feathering operations, is mostly achieved manually in Egypt. Being a core stage of poultry processing, de-feathering when carried out manually attracts low production rate (the number of birds produced per hour), high time consumption, and labor intensity. The total number of poultry slaughterhouses was reported to be 309 units divided into Manual slaughterhouses are the most common throughout the country, totaling 200 units, i.e. 65% of the total number of poultry slaughterhouses in Egypt, 62 semi-automated slaughterhouses, 20%, automated slaughterhouses there are only 47 slaughterhouses, 15% of the total number of poultry slaughterhouses in Egypt when total actual chicken production (finishing) capacity, heads(589 000 675 bird) and the Chickens slaughtered in the slaughterhouses, heads (86 707 762 bird) this clear difference between the amount of poultry slaughtered in houses slaughterhouses and the rest of the production expresses the amount of poultry slaughtered in stores or in the traditional way, which shows the amount of damage resulting, represented by higher consumption from energy and water also create an unsafe and unhealthy environment that harms the health of the worker and the surrounding environment. The gained results of the present study indicated that the de-feathering unit was evaluated by using the following evaluation factors: Productivity, Power consumption, Specific energy, cleaning efficiency, Mechanical damage to poultry, and Cost analysis. This study was focused on the design, construction and performance evaluation of a chicken de-feathering machine using locally available materials. The maximum value of Productivity was 1500 bird/h at the clearance between the rubber finger was 80 mm, scalding temperature 65 oC, scalding time 60 s, and finger Length 9.5 cm. The maximum value of power requirement was 1.84 KW, at the clearance between the rubber finger 20 mm, scalding temperature 50 oC, scalding time 60 s and finger Length 5.5 cm. The maximum value of specific energy consumption was 0.0962 KW.h/bird, at the clearance between the rubber finger 20 mm, scalding temperature 50 oC, scalding time 80 s and finger Length 7.5 cm. The maximum value of cleaning efficiency was 99.19 % at the clearance between the rubber finger 20 mm, scalding temperature 65 oC, scalding time 80 s and finger Length 7.5 cm. The maximum value of Mechanical Damage was 1.85% at the clearance between the rubber finger 20 mm, scalding temperature 65oc, scalding time 80 s and finger Length 5.5 cm. The maximum value of Total cost was 0.14 EGP/bird, at clearance between the rubber finger 20 mm, scalding temperature 50 oC, scalding time 80 s and finger Length 5.5 cm. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Mechanical damage; Machine productivity; De-feathering machine | ||||
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