The Association between Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 and Epstein-Barr virus Infection at Serological and PCR levels
Harfoush, N., Zaghloul, W., Mowafy, W., Salem, N., Shrief, R. (2025). The Association between Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 and Epstein-Barr virus Infection at Serological and PCR levels. EKB Journal Management System, 34(3), -. doi: 10.21608/ejmm.2025.358732.1470
Nehal M. Harfoush; W. Zaghloul; Wafaa K. Mowafy; Nanees A. Salem; Raghdaa Shrief. "The Association between Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 and Epstein-Barr virus Infection at Serological and PCR levels". EKB Journal Management System, 34, 3, 2025, -. doi: 10.21608/ejmm.2025.358732.1470
Harfoush, N., Zaghloul, W., Mowafy, W., Salem, N., Shrief, R. (2025). 'The Association between Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 and Epstein-Barr virus Infection at Serological and PCR levels', EKB Journal Management System, 34(3), pp. -. doi: 10.21608/ejmm.2025.358732.1470
Harfoush, N., Zaghloul, W., Mowafy, W., Salem, N., Shrief, R. The Association between Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 and Epstein-Barr virus Infection at Serological and PCR levels. EKB Journal Management System, 2025; 34(3): -. doi: 10.21608/ejmm.2025.358732.1470

The Association between Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 and Epstein-Barr virus Infection at Serological and PCR levels

Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology
Volume 34, Issue 3, July 2025  XML
Document Type: New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.
DOI: 10.21608/ejmm.2025.358732.1470
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Authors
Nehal M. Harfoush email 1; W. Zaghloul2; Wafaa K. Mowafy2; Nanees A. Salem3; Raghdaa Shrief1
1Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
2Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
3Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Abstract
Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by the autoimmune system destroying pancreatic cells. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a linear ds DNA virus. Most children get an early seroconversion infection with EBV and virus antibodies peak between 1-2 years of age. Objective: The aim was to detect Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies against EBV in children recently diagnosed with T1D and finding the association between EBV infection and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies and zinc transporter 8 autoantibodies in those children. Methodology: This study included 50 children their age ranged from 1-18 years with new-onset T1D within 3 months of diagnosis and 50 controls from March to October 2022. Result: In the control group, 2% of participants had positive IgM compared to 18% of the patients’ group (p = 0.008). The percentage of positive EBV IgM was significantly higher in positive (37.5%) than negative PCR patients (11.1%) (P = 0.042). Additionally, the percentage of positive GADA marker was statistically significant higher in positive (57.1%) than negative PCR patients (22.2%) (P = 0.017). Conclusion: There was significant difference as regards EBV IgM marker and GADA marker between positive and negative PCR patients.
Keywords
Type 1 diabetes; Epstein-Barr virus; Polymerase Chain Reaction; glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies; zinc transporter 8 autoantibodies
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