A Promising Strategy for Treating Alzheimer's Disease with Origanum majorana extraction | ||||
| The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine | ||||
| Article 117, Volume 98, Issue 1, January 2025, Page 813-821 PDF (932.96 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejhm.2025.411588 | ||||
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| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative condition that causes a gradual decline in memory and cognitive function resulting from a notable decline in cholinergic neurons in certain regions of the brain. In this study dried leaves extracted from Origanum majorana are tested by HPLC to determine the chemical composition and phenolic compounds. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the potential neuroprotective effects of Origanum majorana extract in mitigating Alzheimer's disease (AD) symptoms induced by aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) in an experimental rat model. Materials and methods: High-grade aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) and Origanum majorana leaves were used, with plant verification and chemical profiling. Male rats (n=30) were divided into five groups, receiving AlCl₃ to induce AD, followed by different doses of O. majorana for 30 days. Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological assessments were performed on blood, brain, and liver samples. Results: The dried leaves of Origanum majorana had the largest percentage of carbohydrates (58.58%), followed by moisture, dietary fiber, protein, fat, and ash (25.72%, 15.54%, 4.52%, 1.71%, and 3.98% respectively). Besides, Origanum majorana leaves have high contents of terpenoids, high amounts of steroids and flavonoids, moderate amounts of coumarin, saponins, and alkaloids. Querectin, Vanillin, Coumaric acid, Naringenin, Ellagic acid, Cinnamic acid, and Propyl Gallate may have contributed to the polyphenol levels and their potential for therapeutic use. Significant decreases in lymphocyte ratio and count values were seen, along with notable variations in contrast with the control group. Conclusion: Origanum majorana exhibited neuroprotective potential against Alzheimer's disease (AD) through its rich bioactive profile, including flavonoids, polyphenols, and alkaloids, which contribute to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase activities. Significant variations in inflammatory biomarkers and lymphocyte counts suggest its influence on immune responses. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Origanum majorana; Acetylcholine esterase (AChE); Alzheimer’s disease (AD) | ||||
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