BIOLOGY, ECOLOGY AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF Eobaniavermiculata (MÜLLER) PHENOTYPES INFESTING CERTAIN FRUIT ORCHARDS IN BEHAIRA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT | ||||
| Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research | ||||
| Volume 52, Issue 1, January and February 2025, Page 37-50 PDF (449.49 K) | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/zjar.2025.416478 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
El-Sayed M. Abd El-Aal1; F. El-Akhrasy2; Hend A. El-Nasharty3; A. M. El-Marzoky1   3
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| 11. Plant Prot. Dept., Fac. Agric., Zagazig Univ., Egypt | ||||
| 2Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., 12311 Dokki, Giza, Egypt | ||||
| 3Plant Prot. Dept., Fac. Agric., Zagazig Univ., Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Land snails are considered one of the most destructive agricultural pests.A survey was carried out on three orchards of fruit trees, namely navel orange, mango, and guava, in Behaira Governorate from January 2020 to December 2021. It was found thatindividuals of the brown garden (chocolate-banded) snail,Eubaniavemiculata (Muller), were present in the three orchards throughout the entire year with varying values according to season and host plant with two phenotypes: banded brown color and unbanded pale-yellow color.The identified phenotypes varied in percentage occurrence from one orchard to another.The relative percentages of adults with banded brown color and unbanded pale-yellow color on navel orange, mango, and guava during 2020 were 51.22% & 48.18 %, 51.13% & 48.17%, and 56.21% & 43.19%, respectively. While the corresponding values during 2021 were 54.11%& 46.10%, 54.15% & 45.15%, and 52.13% & 47.17%, respectively.Oranges harbored the highest numbers followed bymango and guava. with mean values of20.51 (21.47), 14.93(15.57),and15.13(15.56) snails persample, respectively.The values ofE.vermiculata population density gradually increased after winter months to reach the maximum values during the summer or autumn months.It was observed that adults were more abundant during the summer months, i.e., June, July, August, and September. In contrast, juveniles were more prevalent during February, March, and April. Snails of E. vermiculata laid their eggs for about 3.5 months, startingfrom mid-October 2020 to the end-January 2021. The eggs were spherical with a mean diameter of 3.3 ± 0.35 mm. The number of clutches and eggs laid byE. vermiculata significantly (P≤0.05) changed during the breeding season.Shell measurements of E. vermiculata showed a mean shell height of 20.20 mm ranging from 16.60 to 23.80 mm, while the mean diameter was 26.65 mm, with a range of 22.70 to 30.60 mm. Shell thickness ranged between 0.73 to 0.89 mm with a mean of 0.81mm. The mean aperture diameter was 9.04 mm, which ranged between 8.18 to 9.89 mm. On the other hand, the number of whorls ranged between 4.5 to 6.0. and the animal color is banded brown or unbanded pale yellowish. The dendrogram of genetic distances among populations based on band polymorphisms generated by RAPD-PCR using the two primers showed that the two populations (p1& p3) can be identified as the banded brown phenotype,while the two populations (p2 & p4) can be classified as an unbanded pale-yellow phenotype of the land snail, E. vermiculata. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Land snails; Eubaniavermiculata; Biology; Ecology; Molecular identification; Fruit orchards; Behaira Governorate | ||||
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