Value of Plasma Lactate Dehydrogenase and Blood Gases Analysis as Predictors of Severity in Neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn | ||||
| Medicine Updates | ||||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 10 March 2025 PDF (1.03 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/muj.2025.360384.1208 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Asmaa Gaber Abdelhalim  1; Gamal Taha Soliman2; Basma Badr El-din Hasan3; Mona Mahmoud Ismail2
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| 1Department of Pediatrics, Ismailia Medical Complex, Egypt. | ||||
| 2Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine - Port Said University, Egypt. | ||||
| 3Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine - Port Said University, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) and transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) are the most common respiratory conditions in neonates, which require early diagnosis for proper management. We aim to investigate Plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and arterial blood gas as biomarkers for prediction of disease severity and treatment strategies. Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 75 neonates, divided into three groups: RDS (n = 25), TTN (n = 25), and controls (n = 25). Plasma LDH and ABG parameters were measured. Duration of respiratory support and length of hospital stay, were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic performance of LDH and ABG parameters. Results: The study included 75 neonates divided into RDS, TTN, and control groups. RDS and TTN neonates had lower gestational age, birth weight, and Apgar score compared to controls (p < 0.001). RDS patients had higher respiratory distress grades, longer hospital stay, and extended respiratory support duration (p < 0.001) compared to TTN groups. ABG analysis showed severe acidemia (median pH: 7.3, p < 0.001) and hypoxia (pO2: r: -0.768, p< 0.001) in RDS. LDH levels were significantly elevated in RDS and TTN compared to controls with AUC 1.00 exhibiting 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity at cutoff value equal to 600 IU/ L. Conclusion: Plasma LDH and ABG parameters in neonates may be reliable predictors of the severity of RDS and TTN. These biomarkers can help for early diagnosis and guiding appropriate clinical decisions toward better neonatal outcomes. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Keywords: Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn; Lactate Dehydrogenase; blood gas | ||||
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