Effect of Recycled Tungsten Carbide on the Mechanical, Physical, and Tribological Performance of Copper-Based Composites
abdel-mawla, A., El-Abden, S., Abouelmagd, G., El kady, O. (2025). Effect of Recycled Tungsten Carbide on the Mechanical, Physical, and Tribological Performance of Copper-Based Composites. EKB Journal Management System, 68(5), 617-632. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.354763.11199
Ahmed abdel-mawla; Samy Zein El-Abden; Gamal Abouelmagd; Omayma El kady. "Effect of Recycled Tungsten Carbide on the Mechanical, Physical, and Tribological Performance of Copper-Based Composites". EKB Journal Management System, 68, 5, 2025, 617-632. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.354763.11199
abdel-mawla, A., El-Abden, S., Abouelmagd, G., El kady, O. (2025). 'Effect of Recycled Tungsten Carbide on the Mechanical, Physical, and Tribological Performance of Copper-Based Composites', EKB Journal Management System, 68(5), pp. 617-632. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.354763.11199
abdel-mawla, A., El-Abden, S., Abouelmagd, G., El kady, O. Effect of Recycled Tungsten Carbide on the Mechanical, Physical, and Tribological Performance of Copper-Based Composites. EKB Journal Management System, 2025; 68(5): 617-632. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.354763.11199

Effect of Recycled Tungsten Carbide on the Mechanical, Physical, and Tribological Performance of Copper-Based Composites

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Volume 68, Issue 5, May 2025, Page 617-632  XML PDF (15.61 MB)
Document Type: Review Articles
DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.354763.11199
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Authors
Ahmed abdel-mawla email orcid 1; Samy Zein El-Abden2; Gamal Abouelmagd2; Omayma El kady3
1CMRDI
2Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
3Powder Metallurgy Division, Manufacturing Department, Central Metallurgical R&D Institute, P.O.87 Helwan, 11421 Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract
This study comprehensively explores the effect of reinforcing a copper matrix with recycled tungsten carbide (RWC) powder to enhance its mechanical and tribological properties. The copper matrix was initially fortified with fixed proportions of 8 wt.% high-carbon ferrochromium (HC-FeCr), 20 wt. % iron (Fe), 10 wt.% graphite (C), and 2 wt.% molybdenum disulfides (MoS2) via high-energy mechanical milling. Recycled tungsten carbide (RWC) powder in varying concentrations (1-5 wt.%) was subsequently blended with the matrix for 6 hours at 200 rpm. Graphite, MoS2, and RWC surface modification was achieved through nano-copper coating via electroless chemical deposition. The composite powders were consolidated using a hot-press technique at 1010°C under 15 MPa for 15 minutes. The study's comprehensive characterization included density, XRD, SEM analysis, hardness, wear, friction coefficient assessments, and electrical and thermal conductivity measurements. The results revealed a 25% increase in hardness and a 12% reduction in wear rate with the addition of WC, alongside a gradual decline in the friction coefficient. However, the electrical and thermal conductivities diminished as RWC content increased. The Abbott-firestone curves show enhancement in the exploitation zone from (88 – 96%) at load 0.4 MPa and from (84-93%) at load 0.7 MPa.
Keywords
Copper composite; Recycled tungsten carbide; Powder metallurgy; Hot-press; Surface roughness; the Abbott firestone
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