Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Microbes Isolated from Vegetables Served and Eaten Raw in the Wa Municipality, Ghana
Osisiogu, E., Inusah, A., Dapila, M., Uwumboranami, A., Amemo, R., Peesa, E. (2025). Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Microbes Isolated from Vegetables Served and Eaten Raw in the Wa Municipality, Ghana. EKB Journal Management System, (), -. doi: 10.21608/eajbsg.2025.353677.1090
Emmanuel U. Osisiogu; Abdul Waris Inusah; Mabel Dapila; Abigail N. Uwumboranami; Raphael Eyram Amemo; Edwarda Peace Kwabuaa Peesa. "Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Microbes Isolated from Vegetables Served and Eaten Raw in the Wa Municipality, Ghana". EKB Journal Management System, , , 2025, -. doi: 10.21608/eajbsg.2025.353677.1090
Osisiogu, E., Inusah, A., Dapila, M., Uwumboranami, A., Amemo, R., Peesa, E. (2025). 'Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Microbes Isolated from Vegetables Served and Eaten Raw in the Wa Municipality, Ghana', EKB Journal Management System, (), pp. -. doi: 10.21608/eajbsg.2025.353677.1090
Osisiogu, E., Inusah, A., Dapila, M., Uwumboranami, A., Amemo, R., Peesa, E. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Microbes Isolated from Vegetables Served and Eaten Raw in the Wa Municipality, Ghana. EKB Journal Management System, 2025; (): -. doi: 10.21608/eajbsg.2025.353677.1090

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Microbes Isolated from Vegetables Served and Eaten Raw in the Wa Municipality, Ghana

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 13 March 2025  XML
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/eajbsg.2025.353677.1090
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Authors
Emmanuel U. Osisiogu email orcid 1; Abdul Waris Inusah2; Mabel Dapila3; Abigail N. Uwumboranami4; Raphael Eyram Amemo5; Edwarda Peace Kwabuaa Peesa6
1Dr. Hilla Limann Technical University
2Karaga District Hospital, Northern Region, Ghana
3Battor Catholic Hospital, North tongu district, Volta region
4Tamale Teaching Hospital
5Department of Biomedical Science, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
6Department of Development Policy, GIMPA, Accra, Ghana
Abstract
Background: Raw vegetables are an essential part of the Ghanaian diet but can pose health risks due to microbial contamination. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in raw vegetables and analyse their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in the Wa Municipality, Ghana.

Methods: A total of 43 vegetable samples were collected from farms, markets, and street vendors. Bacteria were isolated and identified using standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.

Results: The study isolated 69 bacterial strains, with Salmonella spp. (37.7%) and Citrobacter freundii (31.9%) being the most prevalent. High levels of antimicrobial resistance were observed, particularly in Salmonella spp., which showed 100% resistance to several antibiotics including ceftazidime, cefdinir, cefuroxime, and ceftriaxone.

Conclusion: The high prevalence of pathogenic bacteria and their significant antimicrobial resistance in raw vegetables highlight a serious public health concern in the Wa Municipality. Improved food safety measures and antimicrobial stewardship are urgently needed to address this issue.
Keywords
Raw vegetables; Foodborne pathogens; Antimicrobial resistance; Food safety; Ghana
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