Process Optimization by a Response Surface Methodology for Extraction of Essential Oil from Ginger (Zingiber rubens) | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||
| Article 13, Volume 68, Issue 12, December 2025, Pages 139-147 PDF (388.49 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.355642.11214 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Minh Kha Le1; Thanh Tra Thi Tran2; Ngoc Lan Thi Nguyen3; Viet Nguyen4; Cang Huynh Mai5; Thuong Nhan Phu Nguyen* 6 | ||
| 1Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Viet Nam | ||
| 2Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam | ||
| 3Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Nong Lam University of Ho Chi Minh City | ||
| 4Nong Lam University-Vietnam | ||
| 5Department of Chemical Technology, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City | ||
| 6Department of Natural Product, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Using response surface methodology (RSM), this study sought to improve the hydrodistillation process for extracting Zingiber rubens essential oil. To get the best production of essential oils, tests were carried out utilizing a three-factor central mixture design (CCD) with the following parameters: grinding duration 30 - 50 seconds, material-to-water ratio 1/3 - 1/5 g/ml, and distillation time 240 - 360 minutes. A second-order polynomial regression model, reflecting total extraction efficiency as a function of the key hydro-distillation variables, fit strongly (p<0.05) and had a high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9628). The highest extraction efficiency (1.456%) was achieved at 43 seconds, 1/4.3 g/ml, and 316 minutes. The chemical makeup of essential oils was evaluated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The predominant component (concentration > 5.0%) in Zingiber rubens essential oil produced by hydro-distillation was discovered to be 7-epi-Sesquithujene (18.71%), which had a high content. The most common compounds were ?-Sesquiphellandrene (9.92%), Citral (9.88%), ?-Curcumene (9.46%), ?-Bisabolene (5.39%), and Camphene (5.08%). | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Ginger; Essential Oil; Hydrodistillation; GC-MS; Zingiber rubens | ||
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