Prodigiosin as a sustainable dye: Investigating its antimicrobial properties for textile applications | ||||
| Microbes and Infectious Diseases | ||||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 21 April 2025 | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/mid.2025.351886.2455 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Nagaram Prabha1; Ravikumar Vinayagam1; Lokesh Elumalai2; Sankarganesh Palaniyandi3; Nandagopal Siddan4; Ganesh Kumar Anbazhagan  5
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| 1Department of Microbiology, SRM Arts and Science College, Kattankulathur – 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India. | ||||
| 2Department of Microbiology, Periyar University, Salem – 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India. | ||||
| 3Department of Food Technology, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Padur, Chennai - 603 103, Tamil Nadu, India. | ||||
| 4Department of Botany, Government Arts and Science College, Hosur – 635 110, Tamil Nadu, India. | ||||
| 5Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai – 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Bacterial pigments provide an eco-friendly substitute for synthetic colours, contributing to the reduction of pollution. The present research aims to extract prodigiosin from Serratia marcescens and access its antimicrobial property for textile applications. The pigment production parameters were optimized to provide better yield and its antimicrobial effectiveness and toxicity were evaluated. Isolated the organism from paddy soil by conventional method by gram staining, biochemical test, and carbohydrate fermentation test to be Serratia. The 16S rRNA sequencing also identified the species Serratia. Here, the pigment prodigiosin was synthesized with the help of Serratia marcescens, after which extraction was done with the help of centrifugation, and it showed a peak to be prodigiosin at high-performance liquid chromatography. It was achieved with a carbon source of lactose at an optimized condition of pH 7.0, temperature at 28°C, and a yield of 0.87 mg/ml. With gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the bioactive compounds in the pigment were identified and characterized. The toxic nature of the pigment prodigiosin to the model organism earthworms was evaluated and found to cause no mortality. Indeed, significant harm was caused by synthetic dyes. The pigment was also used to dye various types of fabrics, including cotton, chiffon, satin, and polyester, with antimicrobial efficacy resulting in a 95% reduction in E. coli and a 97% reduction in S. aureus growth. Furthermore, to mitigate the environmental pollution caused by dyeing industries, natural dyes with antimicrobial properties could be used. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Bacterial pigment; prodigiosin; natural dye; antimicrobial activity; earthworm | ||||
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