Toxicological Impact of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Hybrid Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus) | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries | ||
| Article 177, Volume 29, Issue 2, March and April 2025, Pages 2711-2738 PDF (1.75 M) | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.424486 | ||
| Author | ||
| Yanuhar et al. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) across various industries has raised concerns about their potential toxic effects on aquatic organisms, including hybrid grouper. The study aimed to evaluate the toxicological effects of ZnO-NPs exposure on hybrid grouper (±20g) through the analysis of mortality rate, blood performance, organ histopathology, and changes in immune response. The methods involved exposure of ZnO-NPs in four treatment groups (i.e., 0, 50, 100, and 200 ppm) for 96 hours, followed by analyzing the hematology, histopathology, and TNF-α, IL-1β antibody using flow cytometry. The obtained data were analyzed using ANOVA. The results indicated that ZnO-NPs significantly increased fish mortality up to 50% at 200ppm concentration. Significant changes were recorded in hematology, including a 62.96% reduction in hematocrit and a 20.28% increase in leukocyte count. Histopathological analysis showed severe intestinal tissue damage levels reaching 40.43%. Enhanced immune activity expressing TNF-α and IL-1β antibodies, which increased by 15.08% and 6.81%. The highest accumulation of ZnO-NPs was found in the gill organs, with a concentration of 2.94 ppm. This study highlights the toxic risk of ZnO-NPs to hybrid grouper, emphasizing the need for strict monitoring and the development of safety standards to support safer and more sustainable aquaculture practices. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Blood cells; Flowcytometry; Hybrid grouper; Toxicity; Zinc oxide nanoparticle | ||
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