IN VIVO STUDY ON THE ROLE OF INTERFERON- γ AND INTERLEUKIN-4 IN CONTROL OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM INFECTION | ||||
| Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology | ||||
| Article 12, Volume 55, Issue 1, April 2025, Page 93-102 PDF (742.66 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jesp.2025.425072 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| AHMED SH. ELAGMY1; KHAIRY A. M. HASSAN1; IBRAHIM R. ALI2; GAMAL A. ABO-SHEISHAA1 | ||||
| 1Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| 2Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, B.O. Box 30, Imbaba, Giza, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Cryptosporidium species are protozoan parasites that cause severe diarrhea in immunocom promised individuals and children, especially in developing countries. This study investigated the roles of IFN-γ and IL-4 in controlling Cryptosporidium infections in neonatal mice. Mice were grouped into four groups: normal control, infected control, infected/anti-IFN-γ mAb treated, and infected/anti-IL-4 mAb treated groups. Fecal assessments for C. parvum oocysts, cytokines detection, histopathological evaluations, and gene expression investigations for IL 4 and IFN-γ were conducted. The results showed a 22% mortality rate was among the infected anti-IFN-γ mAb-treated mice (11%) and anti-IL-4 mAb-treated ones (6%). Infected mice showed significantly higher IFN-γ levels than controls. The anti-IFN-γ & anti-IL-4 treated ones raised serum cytokines with blocked biological activity by compensatory responses. The increase in IFN-γ secretion in infected mice attempted to overcome infection correlated with oocyst counts, histopathol- ogical, and gene expression changes. But, a negative correlation was between oocyst shedd- ing and IFN-γ levels in serum as well as intestinal expression implying the IFN-γ role in infe- ction control. Consequently, neutralization with anti-IL-4 mAb increased oocyst shedding early in cryptosporidiosis, clarifying the IL 4 role in early infection control. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Cryptosporidium parvum; controlling; IFN-γ; IL-4; RT-qPCR | ||||
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