Evaluating Gene Effects and Epistasis for Yellow Rust Resistance in Two Egyptian Wheat: Insights into the Yr15 Gene Using SSR Markers

soliman, sara mohamed; Moustafa, Mahmoud M. A.; Sherif, Hassan Sayed Ahmed; Elshawaf, Ibrahim Ibrahim Soliman; Gad, Khaled Ibrahim

doi:10.21608/assjm.2025.344605.1326

	Evaluating Gene Effects and Epistasis for Yellow Rust Resistance in Two Egyptian Wheat: Insights into the Yr15 Gene Using SSR Markers
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
Volume 62, Issue 4, December 2024, Page 109-120 PDF (896.41 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/assjm.2025.344605.1326
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Authors
sara mohamed soliman¹; Mahmoud M. A. Moustafa ¹; Hassan Sayed Ahmed Sherif¹; Ibrahim Ibrahim Soliman Elshawaf¹; Khaled Ibrahim Gad²
¹Genetics and Genetic Engineering Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt.
²Field Crops Research institute,Agriculture Research Center
Abstract
To enhance yellow rust resistance in Egyptian bread wheat, the Yr15 gene was strategically introduced into the Misr-2 and Gemmeiza-11 cultivars using conventional breeding techniques during the 2019/2020 to 2021/2022 seasons at Sakha Agricultural Research Station. The study primarily focused on understanding the gene effects and epistasis concerning yield traits in two hybrids: Misr 2 x Yr15 (Cross I) and Gemmeiza 11 x Yr15 (Cross II). The hybrids with the Yr15 gene displayed robust field resistance to yellow rust, this could indicate that this gene significantly contributes to disease resistance. The high genetic variance and broad-sense heritability observed in these crosses suggest that selection for yellow rust resistance is highly effective in segregating generations. The F2 hybrids that combined Yr15 with susceptible cultivars showed the highest frequency of resistant plants, emphasizing the gene's effectiveness. The results advocate for incorporating and pyramiding the Yr15 gene into Egypt's national wheat breeding program to enhance rust resistance. Additionally, the selected F2 plants present a valuable resource for developing high-yielding, rust-resistant wheat germplasm. Molecular characterization through SSR marker analysis was crucial, as these markers effectively identified the Yr15 gene due to their high polymorphism and co-dominance. The distinct banding patterns confirmed the successful integration of the Yr15 gene into the parental lines and hybrids. Furthermore, SSR markers facilitate early selection of desirable traits at the seedling stage, significantly reducing the need for extensive phenotypic screening and expediting the breeding process.
Keywords
Mean generation analysis; Heritability; genetic variances; Genetic advance; yellow rust; Bread wheat; SSR marker; Yr15 gene; monogenic line


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