The Impact of Bismuth Doping on the Mechanical, Optical, and Radiation-Shielding Properties of Borosilicate Glass Systems | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||||
| Article 33, Volume 68, Issue 12, December 2025, Page 403-418 PDF (4.84 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.361649.11325 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Gharam A. Alharshan1; Shaaban M. Shaaban2; Mohamed Elsafi3; Ragab A Elsad   4; Shimaa Ali Said5; A.M.A. Mahmoud5; A. Bahei El-Deen6; Asmae Mimouni7
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| 1Physics Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| 2Center for Scientific Research and Entrepreneurship, Northern Border University, Arar 73213, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| 3Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt | ||||
| 4Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering, Shebin El‐Kom | ||||
| 5Physics Department, Faculty of Science, AL Azhar University (Girls Branch), Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| 6Production Engineering &Mechanical Design Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia Univeristy , Shebin El-Kom, Minoufiya, Egypt. | ||||
| 7Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| New glasses composed of 70B2O3 - 5SiO2 - 10Li2O - (5-x)PbO - 10ZnO - xBi2O3, with x = 0.0:5 mol%, were produced using the melt-quenching method. The density increased from 2.67 to 2.94 g/cm3 as 5 mol% of PbO was replaced with Bi2O3. The theoretical investigation and comparison with corresponding simulated findings generated from Geant4 simulation have been conducted for the attenuation characteristics of glasses coded from Bi-0.0 to Bi-5.0. As the quantity of Bi3+ ions in the glass's structure rises, the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) values progressively rise for all applied energies. Half value layer (HVL) drops as Bi2O3 is substituted for PbO. The MFP values at 0.3 MeV were 2.667, 2.485, 2.326, 2.193, 2.090, and 2.005 cm for Bi-0.0, Bi-1.0, Bi-2.0, Bi-3.0, Bi-4.0, and Bi-5.0, respectively. Indirect optical gap (EOBG) decreased from 3.072 V to 2.919 eV and direct optical band gap (EOBG) varied from 3.359 eV to 3.170 eV as the amount of Bi3+ ions in the glass's structure increased. The Urbach energy value increases from 0.476 eV to 0.540 eV as the amount of Bi2O3 in the glass's lattice increases. Transmittance Coefficient (T), Molar Refraction (Rm), Molar Polarizability (αm), and Optical Refractive Index are all estimated parameters that rise with increasing the amount of Bi2O3 in the glass's lattice. As the amount of Bi3+ ions increase in the glass's lattice, the Metallization Criterion, Optical Electronegativity (χ*), and Nonlinear Refractive Index (n2) calculations show decreasing values. Mechanical moduli values grew steadily as PbO components were replaced with Bi2O3, reaching a glassy composite called Bi-3.0 before gradually declining once more. The glass system is recommended as a photon attenuation shielding material. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| linear attenuation coefficient; density; Urbach energy; optical band gap; Mechanical moduli | ||||
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