An Implementation Framework of 15-Minute City principles in New Egyptian Cities إطار تطبيقي لمبادئ مدينة ال 15 دقيقة بالمدن المصرية الجديدة | ||||
JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences | ||||
Article 14, Volume 53, Issue 5, September and October 2025, Page 706-727 PDF (1.64 MB) | ||||
Document Type: Research Paper | ||||
DOI: 10.21608/jesaun.2025.361407.1429 | ||||
![]() | ||||
Authors | ||||
Mariam Moustafa ![]() ![]() | ||||
Urban Planning, Faculty of Urban and Regional Planning , Cairo University , Giza , Egypt | ||||
Abstract | ||||
New Egyptian cities face challenges hindering their goal of creating high-quality, attractive, and sustainable communities. The key issues include remoteness from workplaces and essential services, weak connectivity, and unsustainable environmental, urban, social, and economic models due to adopting Western car-dependent and centralized planning approaches misaligned with the Egyptian context. This research aims to restore balance in sustainable development by exploring the feasibility of implementing the 15-Minute City concept. A five-step methodology was adopted, integrating multiple research approaches. The study begins with a descriptive-analytical method to identify urban challenges and the theoretical framework of the 15-Minute City, followed by a comparative method to examine global case studies. A survey-based approach is then used to test the proposed framework through expert and resident questionnaires. Finally, an initial implementation framework for 15-Minute Cities for Egyptian new cities will be concluded, outlining key priority indicators for implementation, implementation barriers, and priority factors for development. | ||||
Keywords | ||||
15-minute city; compact cities; New Egyptian cities planning; Walkability; proximity (jobs-services) | ||||
References | ||||
[5] Elserafi, T. Challenges for Cycling and Walking in New Cities in Egypt, Experience of ElSheikh Zayed City. Journal of Engineering and Applied Science. 66(6), 703-725. (2019).
[6] Refaay, M. Mortgage Finance: Real Estate Sector Indicators of Progress of the Countries, for its Supporting Role. Housing and Construction. unpublished Paper. (2005).
[7] Ibrahim, A. & Shaw, D. Egyptian Compact-City Veracity: The Fallacy and Credibility of Mixed Use and High Density for a Low Carbon City. Compact-City Veracity, 45th ISOCARP Congress. Porto, Portugal. (2009).
[8] Moreno, C., Allam, Z., Chabaud, D., Gall, C., & Pratlong, F. Introducing the “15-Minute City”: Sustainability, Resilience and Place Identity in Future Post-Pandemic Cities. Smart Cities, 4(1), 93-111. (2021). Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities4010006
[9] Khavarian-Garmsir, A. R., Sharifi, A., Hajian Hossein Abadi, M., & Moradi, Z. From Garden City to 15-Minute City: A Historical Perspective and Critical Assessment. Land, 12(2), 512. (2023).. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.3390/land12020512
[10] Sharifi, A. From Garden City to Eco-urbanism: The Quest for Sustainable Neighborhood Development. Sustainable Cities and Society. 20(1), 1-16. (2016). Retrieved from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210670715300287
[11] Kang, C., Fan, D., & Hongzan, J. Validating Activity, Time, and Space Diversity as Essential Components of Urban vitality. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science. 48(5), 1180-1197. (2020).
[12] Manzini, E.. livable Proximity: Ideas for the City that Cares. Conference. Campus Lo Contador UC, Providencia, Colombia. (2022). Retrieved from: https://desisnetwork.org/?page_id=49
[13] Büttner, B., Seisenberger, S., Baquero, L. M., Rivas de Gante, A., Ramírez, A., & Haxhija, S. Urban Mobility Next 9 ±15-Minute City: Human-Centred planning in action Mobility for more liveable urban spaces. EIT Urban Mobility Munich, Barcelona, spain. (2022).
[14] Lis, A. Development of Proximity in Cluster Organizations. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues. 8(2), 116-132. (2020).
[15] Manzini, E. Everyday Politics: Life Projects That Change the World. PP. (50-55). Community Editions, MIT Press. ISBN 978-88-98-22081-6. (2018).
[16]lowe, s. Gentle Density and the 15 Minute City. the climate new. (2023). Retrieved from: https://theclimatenews.co.uk/gentle-density-and-the-15-minute-city/
[17]Duany, A., & Steuteville, R. Defining the 15-Minute City. Public Square journal, CNU Conference for the New Urbanism, On, 8 Feb., Washington. (2021). Retrieved from: https://www.cnu.org/publicsquare/2021/02/08/defining-15-minute-city
[18]Duany, A., & Steuteville, R. From Slogan to Substance, Planning the 15-Minute City. Public Square journal, CNU Conference for the New Urbanism, On, 22 Dec., Washington. Available at: https://www.cnu.org/publicsquare/2022/12/13/slogan-substance-planning-15-minute-city. (2022).
] 19]Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government. National Design Guide Planning: Practice Guidance for Beautiful, Enduring and Successful Place. London. United Kingdum. Retrieved from: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-design-guide. (2021).
[20]Flynn, S., Kitchin, R., Maalsen, S., Hayes, R., Reeve, A., Dare, E., Fantini, D., Sledmere, A., Caldwell, G., O'Shea, E., Kayanan, C., Moore-Cherry, N., & Clavin, A. Equality in the City: Imaginaries of the Smart Future. Intellect Books. 107–126. (2022).
[21]Al-Hussaini, Z. I. H., Jassim, A. H., & Alkinani, A. S. The 20 Minutes Neighborhood Between Planning and Reality: Analytical Study of Al-Jumhuriya District (District 838 and Part of District 840). Civil Engineering and Architecture. 11(2), 696 - 713. (2023).
[22]Balla, N.. School Community Center, A Friendly School for All in Albania. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 12(10), 273–280.(2016) Retrieved from: https://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/view/8127
[23]Baumgartner, S. "De-Infrastructuring" in the Era of the 15-Minute City. Design and Planning, Urban Land.(2021).Retrieved from: https://urbanland.uli.org/planning-design/de-infrastructuring-in-the-era-of-the-15-minute-city
[24]Douglas, M., & Beautyman, I. Comparing the 20 Minute Neighbourhood and Traditional Scenarios in Edinburgh Local Development Plan: a Rapid Scoping Assessment. Scottish Health and Inequalities Impact Assessment Network, Spatial Planning for Health and Wellbeing Collaborative Group, IS Improvement Services, Scotland. (2020).
[25]C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group, & C40 Knowledge Hub. 15-minute cities: How to create "complete" neighbourhoods. portland. (2021). Retrieved from: https://www.c40knowledgehub.org/s/article/15-minute-cities-How-to-create-complete-neighbourhoods?language=en_US
[26]Büttner, B., Seisenberger, S., Baquero L., María & Rivas de Gante, Ana & Ramírez-Saiz, Alba, A., & Haxhija, S. Urban Mobility Next 9 ±15-Minute City: Human-Centred Planning in Action Mobility for More Liveable Urban Spaces. EIT Urban Mobility Munich (November 2022). DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.10482.79041.
[27] Brouwer, J. City Around the Corner Strategic Design Interventions to Alter the Urban Rhythm in the Peri-Urban Areas of Rotterdam. Delft: Master Thesis, Msc Architecture. Urbansim and the Building Sciences Delft, University of Technology. (2020).
[28] The State of Victoria Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning. Sunshine West Our 20‑Minute Neighbourhood 20‑Minute Neighbourhood Pilot Program. Melbroune. (2019).
[29] City of Portland Oregon,. 2035 Comprehensive Plan: Community and Economic Development Project. Portland Gov. (May, 2023).
[30] McCann, F., Reed, C., Seiler, M., & Silverman, J. Every Neighborhood in Portland in a Nutshell. the Spring (2022), Issue of Portland Monthly.
[31] C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group, & C40 Knowledge Hub. Portland's Healthy Connected Neighbourhood Strategy. portland. (2015). Retrieved from: https://www.c40.org/case-studies/portlandshealthyconnectedneighbourhoodstrategy
[32] The State of Victoria Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning. 20-Minute Neighbourhoods Creating a More Liveable Melbourne. The State of Victoria Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning. (2019).
[33]The State of Victoria Department of Transport and Planning. 20-Minute Neighbourhoods Checklist Tool Version 2 . The State of Victoria Department of Transport and Planning. (2023).
[34]Heart foundation Walking. Community Walkability Checklist: How walkable is your neighbourhood? National Heart Foundation of Australia. (2023). Retrieved from: https://walking.heartfoundation.org.au/resources/community-walkability-checklist
[35]Shatu, F., & Kamruzzaman, M. Determining Optimum Design Density for 20-Minute Neighbourhoods.Transport,August Findings.(2021).Retrievedfrom:https://findingspress.org/article/27391-determining-optimum-design-density-for-20-minute-neighbourhoods.
[36] C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group, & C40 Knowledge Hub. Introducing Spotlight On: 15-Minute Cities. (2021).Retrieved from: https://www.c40knowledgehub.org/s/article/Introducing-Spotlight-On-15-minute-cities?language=en_US
[37]UN Habitat, Transport for Cairo, New Urban Communities Authority, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan for 6th of October City. (2020). Retrieved from: https://egypt.fes.de/fileadmin/user_upload/documents/publication/SUMP_Phase1_ENG_AR_.pdf
[38]Tyler Adams, T. Chapter 1.1, Climate Change: Mixed-Use Zoning. Sustainable City Development Code Organization (SDC).(2017).Retrieved from: https://sustainablecitycode.org/brief/mixed-use-zoning/
[39]Driving Urban Transitions Partnership (DUT). Mapping of 15-minute City Practices: Overview on Strategies, Policies and Implementation in Europe and beyond. DUT’s 15-minute City Transition Pathay. European Partnership. (2024). Retrieved from: https://dutpartnership.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/DUT_15-minute-City-Mapping_04-2024.pdf
[40] Solá, A.G.; Vilhelmson, B. Negotiating proximity in sustainable urban planning: A Swedish case. Sustainability )2019(, 11, 31.
[41] Pozoukidou, G., & Chatziyiannaki, Z. 15-Minute City: Decomposing the New Urban Planning Eutopia. Sustainability. 13(2), 928. (2021). Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020928
[42]University College of Estate Manegment. A Guide to 15-Minute Cities: Why are they So Controversial? UCEM Articles, Dec. 2024, University College of Estate Management.(2024).. Retrieved from: https://www.ucem.ac.uk/whats-happening/articles/15-minute-city | ||||
Statistics Article View: 1,262 PDF Download: 222 |
||||