Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever: An Update | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences | ||
| Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 06 May 2025 PDF (795.68 K) | ||
| Document Type: Review Artical | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejvs.2025.363915.2665 | ||
| Authors | ||
| amanj M. ameen Ahmed; othman J. Nasrullah; Hardi F Marif* ; Basim A. Ali; Rizgar R. Sulaiman; Rebwar B. Ahmed | ||
| Department of Clinic and Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani; Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a disease caused by the CCHF virus, which is transmitted by ticks. It can result in various clinical outcomes, from asymptomatic cases to potentially fatal viral hemorrhagic fever. The disease has been documented in over 30 countries. The disease is transmitted to people by tick bites or direct contact with the blood of infected animals. It may lead to severe symptoms, with a mortality rate between 5 and 30%. The World Health Organization (WHO) designates as a high-priority virus due to its significant fatality rate of up to 40% and the absence of recognized therapeutic interventions. CCHFV is capable of infecting a wide range of animal species, however only humans have a serious illness as a result. The increasing distribution of the Hyalomma tick vector is Exposing more people to risk of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF), and there are currently no authorized vaccines or specific antiviral treatments available for CCHF. Factors such as climatic change, Movement/spread of infected ticks, the movement of animals, and changes in human activities are expected to increase the spread of endemic diseases. Recent progress in biotechnology and the accessibility of appropriate animal models have greatly accelerated the development of vaccines for Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF). These improvements have not only improved our understanding of the causes of CCHF but have also made it easier to assess prospective vaccines. The CCHFV poses a considerable public health threat owing to its broad geographical distribution, capacity for dissemination to novel regions, propensity for genetic diversity, potential to cause severe and lethal illness, and restricted options for prevention and treatment. This study offers a comprehensive look of the present condition of CCHFV, focusing on its origin, epidemiology, transmission, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment. Furthermore, we investigate the processes that facilitate the dispersion and transmission of the virus, encompassing the growth of tick vector species and host reservoirs. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Crimean-Congo; Hemorrhagic; Fever; Epidemiology; Signs; Treatment; Control | ||
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