Impact of Biodiesel-Diesel Blends and EGR on Emissions and Performance of a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine at Constant Speed | ||||
| Pharos Engineering Science Journal | ||||
| Volume 2, Issue 1, June 2025, Page 231-248 PDF (1.01 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Research articles | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/pesj.2025.370375.1024 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Medhat Elkelawy   1; Hagar Alm-Eldin Bastawissi2; E. A. El Shenawy3; Mustafa Mohamed Ouda2
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| 1Mechanical engineering department, Faculty of Engineering, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Department of Mechanical Power Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt | ||||
| 2Department of Mechanical Power Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt | ||||
| 3Mechanical Power Engineering Departments, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| This study investigates the impact of biodiesel-diesel blends and exhausts gas recirculation (EGR) on the emissions and performance of a single-cylinder, direct injection diesel engine operating at a constant speed of 1600 rpm. Four biodiesel blends—15%, 30%, 45%, and 60% by volume—were tested to evaluate their effects on nitrogen oxide (NOx), hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and smoke opacity emissions, as well as engine performance. The results showed that a 45% biodiesel blend at medium load significantly reduced NOx emissions by 65%, highlighting the blend's potential to enhance the renewable fraction of fuel. Further reductions were achieved by applying EGR rates of 15%, 30%, and 40%, leading to a maximum NOx reduction of 81.57% at medium load and 78.22% at high load. While moderate EGR rates (30-40%) slightly increased smoke opacity, levels remained manageable; however, opacity rose sharply beyond these rates for all blends. The study demonstrated that both NOx and smoke emissions could be simultaneously minimized using biodiesel blends and moderate EGR, with only a minor improvement in engine performance. Additionally, the tests indicated a slight reduction in HC emissions and a minimal rise in CO emissions across all blends compared to pure diesel under EGR conditions. Long-term durability tests confirmed the suitability of biodiesel blends (45-60%) for continuous operation without engine modifications or significant wear. This research aligns with global sustainability goals, particularly Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and 13 (Climate Action), by promoting renewable energy use and reducing harmful emissions in diesel engines. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| EGR; Sustainable Development Goals; biodiesel-diesel blends; Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine | ||||
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