Assessment of genetic diversity in some Chenopodiaceae plants | ||||
| Arab Journal of Biotechnology | ||||
| Article 7, Volume 17, Issue 2, December 2014, Page 185-204 PDF (52.23 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/arjb.2014.428038 | ||||
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| Abstract | ||||
| Chenopodiaceae, one of the largest plant families, which varies morphologically, is diverse in number and ecogeographically distributed mainly in Mediterranean and Egyptian Sahara, extending far into adjacent regions. In Egypt, previous studies on Chenopodiaceae had focused mainly on anatomy, taxonomy, physiology, morphology, genome description and medicinal values, which are insufficient for genetic affinities and very little for genetic diversity studies. Biochemical variability was studied by protein and isozymes electrophoretic patterns among Chenopodiaceae eight genotypes from different habitats. The molecular markers RAPD and ISSR were used to estimate the polymorphism among these genotypes. Somatic chromosome numbers were examined for karyotype analysis among the Chenopodiaceae eight studied genotypes. Sixteen protein bands generated 15 polymorphic bands with 94% polymorphism. Eight isozyme systems including ACPH, ADH, α-EST, β-EST, AO, MDH, SOD and POD revealed 34 total bands (94% polymorphism). RAPD revealed a total of 125 (93% of polymorphism) and nine ISSR primers revealed the highest total of 201 bands with the highest polymorphism (95%). Based on similarity matrix of overall analysis (protein, isozymes, RAPD and ISSR) the dendrogram was constructed and separated the eight Chenopodiaceae genotypes into two main clusters. The first included the genotypes Chenopodium album, Spinacia oleraceae and Anabasis setifera, while the second included Salicornia fruticosa genotypes. ISSR was better than RAPD to detect genetic diversity among Chenopodiaceae genera and species. The RAPD’s and ISSR’s have confirmed each other. Somatic chromosome number was 2n=18, n=9 for all species except Spinacia oleraceae was 2n=12, n= 6. The outcome of this investigation can help strengthen the exiting pool of information on Chenopodiaceae species that may help assess national conservation programs in Egypt and may help in assessing breeding programs to get benefit from valuable stress tolerance genes for the improvement of crops. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Chenopodiaceae; Isozymes; SDS-PAGE; RAPD; ISSR and Karyotype | ||||
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