Process Optimization by a Response Surface Methodology for Extraction of Essential Oil from Ginger (Zingiber rubens) in Vietnam
Kha, L., Tra, T., Lan, N., Viet, N., Cang, M., Nhan, N. (2025). Process Optimization by a Response Surface Methodology for Extraction of Essential Oil from Ginger (Zingiber rubens) in Vietnam. EKB Journal Management System, 68(13), 391-398. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.325700.10572
Le Minh Kha; Tran Thi Thanh Tra; Nguyen Thi Ngoc Lan; Nguyen Bao Viet; Mai Huynh Cang; Nguyen Phu Thuong Nhan. "Process Optimization by a Response Surface Methodology for Extraction of Essential Oil from Ginger (Zingiber rubens) in Vietnam". EKB Journal Management System, 68, 13, 2025, 391-398. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.325700.10572
Kha, L., Tra, T., Lan, N., Viet, N., Cang, M., Nhan, N. (2025). 'Process Optimization by a Response Surface Methodology for Extraction of Essential Oil from Ginger (Zingiber rubens) in Vietnam', EKB Journal Management System, 68(13), pp. 391-398. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.325700.10572
Kha, L., Tra, T., Lan, N., Viet, N., Cang, M., Nhan, N. Process Optimization by a Response Surface Methodology for Extraction of Essential Oil from Ginger (Zingiber rubens) in Vietnam. EKB Journal Management System, 2025; 68(13): 391-398. doi: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.325700.10572

Process Optimization by a Response Surface Methodology for Extraction of Essential Oil from Ginger (Zingiber rubens) in Vietnam

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Volume 68, Issue 13, December 2025, Pages 391-398    PDF (610.94 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.325700.10572
Authors
Le Minh Kha1; Tran Thi Thanh Tra1; Nguyen Thi Ngoc Lan1; Nguyen Bao Viet2; Mai Huynh Cang1; Nguyen Phu Thuong Nhan* 1
1Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
2Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Abstract
Using response surface methodology (RSM), this study sought to improve the hydrodistillation process for extracting Zingiber rubens essential oil. To get the best production of essential oils, tests were carried out utilizing a three-factor central mixture design (CCD) with the following parameters: grinding duration 30 - 50 seconds, material-to-water ratio 1/3 - 1/5 g/ml, and distillation time 240 - 360 minutes. A second-order polynomial regression model, reflecting total extraction efficiency as a function of the key hydro-distillation variables, fit strongly (p<0.05) and had a high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9628). The highest extraction efficiency (1.456%) was achieved at 43 seconds, 1/4.3 g/ml, and 316 minutes. The chemical makeup of essential oils was evaluated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The predominant component (concentration > 5.0%) in Zingiber rubens essential oil produced by hydro-distillation was discovered to be 7-epi-Sesquithujene (18.71%), which had a high content. The most common compounds were β-Sesquiphellandrene (9.92%), Citral (9.88%), α-Curcumene (9.46%), β-Bisabolene (5.39%), and Camphene (5.08%).
Keywords
Ginger; Essential Oil; Hydrodistillation; GC-MS; Zingiber rubens
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