Efficiency of eugenol oil nanoemulsion against Banana bunchy top virus and contamination with fungi in plant tissue culture | ||||
| Arab Journal of Biotechnology | ||||
| Volume 20, Issue 1, June 2017, Page 33-50 PDF (4.65 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/arjb.2017.428499 | ||||
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| Abstract | ||||
| Development of micropropagation technique for mass propagation of virus-free banana plantlets and reduction of the frequency of fungal contamination is critical. For this purpose the experimental trials in the current study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of eugenol oil nanoemulsion (EON) on elimination of Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) and fungal contaminants of banana under in vitro conditions. To achieve our aims, the virus has been identified on the basis of symptoms from naturally infected banana seedlings with its suckers (Musa spp. cv. Grand Nain), grown in Qalyubia Governorate, and later by serological detection (DAS-ELISA) as BBTV then used as a source for virus-infected explants in a tissue culture line. Three fungal contaminants (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium expansum) were identified in growth media of banana in vitro cultures on the basis of colony morphology and microscopic appearance. The rate of occurrence of aspergilli (Aspergillus flavus and A. niger) was found to be higher than Penicillium expansum. Different concentrations (125, 250 and 500 mg/L) from EON were studied in vitro. All tested concentrations exhibited high inhibitory activities (94.81, 95.5and 96.66 %) against Penicillium expansum and almost the same effect (88%) on Aspergillus niger but fluctuated their effect on A. flavus causing a decrease in the size and rate of growth by 79.99, 80.73 and 77.77%, respectively. On the other side, the inhibition rate of virus activity caused by treatments was evaluated using DAS-ELISA. Results showed that there was no antiviral effect of EON at concentration 125 mg/L compared with concentrations of 250 and 500 mg/L of EON which caused a very low antiviral activity through primary establishment stage. The antiviral effect of EON seems to be based on the incorporation of EON particles, three successive times, into culture MS media during implementation of the in vitro multiplication. Preliminary results indicate a possibility of therapeutically application of EON at high concentration (500 mg/L) against BBTV with completely decontamination of culture medium in plant tissue culture technique. Moreover, root induction was achieved on MS medium containing 1.0 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid and complete BBTV-free banana plantlets were obtained after five weeks in vitro. Keywords: Banana, Banana bunchy top virus, M | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Banana; Banana bunchy top virus; Micropropagation; Eugenol oil nanoemulsion; Antiviral activity; Antifungal activity | ||||
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