Phytochemical Analysis of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Seeds Powder of Sunut (Acacia nilotica L.), Bitter Apple (Citrullus colocynthis) L. (Schrad) and Senna (Cassia acutifolia) (Del.) and their Antibacterial Activity Against Xanthomonas campesteris pv malvacearum | ||
| Arab Journal of Biotechnology | ||
| Volume 22, Issue 1, June 2019, Pages 1-12 PDF (536.27 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/arjb.2019.428803 | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Cotton (Gossypiun spp.) is one of the most important fiber and oil crop worldwide. It is cultivated in many countries over the world. Bacterial blight disease is a devastated disease of cotton. Systemic pesticides are the most effective tool of controlling bacterial blight disease which affects cotton, however they possess a real threaten to human, animals and environment. This study aimed to determine the active constituents of some Sudanese indigenous plants such as sunt (Acacia nilotica L), Bitter Apple (Citrullus Colocynthis L.) Schrad and Senna (Cassia acutifolia Del.) Through phytochemical analysis of their seeds. In addition to reveal their anti-bacterial activity of their water and ethanolic extracts against causal agent of bacterial blight on cotton. Seeds of tested plants were collected from different parts of Gezira area. Tetracycline was used as a control. Phytochemical analysis was done to investigate active components of the previous mentioned plants. Disc filter paper and diffused technique were used to evaluate the bacterial inhibition zone. Three concentrations of each plant extracts were tested at 350,550 and 750 ppm. Inhibition of bacterial growth for each treatment were measured by using an ordinary ruler in millimeter (mm). The results obtained from the phytochemical analysis revealed that, flavonoid, steroids, triterpenes, and alkaloids were detected in all plants under the study. However, tannins have been detected in Sunut and Senna whereas glycosides were detected in Hanzal as well as in Senna. Additionally, Senna was the only plant that has no Nitrogen base. The interaction between those treatments revealed a very interesting result with highly significant (˂.001) between the plant and concentrations. On the other hand, the interaction between plant and extracts was not significant with value equal to (0.941). Among the tested plants, Hanzal has no effect on the growth of bacterial blight. On the other hand, Sunt and Senna inhibited the bacterial growth to different degrees. Inhibition zone diameter produced by Snut and Senna ethanol extract reached to 22.22, 18.56 mm, respectively compared to Hanzal, while the inhibition zones of water extract of Snut and senna were 21.89, 26.78 mm, respectively. The ethanolic and water extracts of Sunut and Senna seeds showed high antibacterial activity than Hanzal, based on the measured zone of inhibition .The water extract reflected more antibacterial activity against the colonies grows of Xanthomonas campesteris pv malvacearum; it was 19.86 mm and that of ethanolic extract was 18.278mm, The inhibition zone increased with the increased concentrations (i.e. Senna in 350,550,750 ppm the inhibition zones were18.333, 23.833, 25.833mm, respectively). The study indicated that the potentiality of Sunut and Senna seeds extracts in the management of bacterial blight disease in cotton crop due to presence of bioactive compounds. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Phytochemical analysis; Cotton; Bitter Apple; Sunut; Senna; Antibacterial activity | ||
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